¹ David von Drehle, “Opinion: The FAA 5G Freakout Raises a Big Red Flag,” Washington Post, 18 Jan. 2022; Peter Foster, “For Supporters of the UK's Exit from the EU There Is a Sense the Project Has Failed to Deliver,” Financial Times, 13 Jan. 2022; “Brexit Business Concerns over Labelling,” Financial Times, 23 Jan. 2022; Cybersecurity News, Washington Post; Sarah R. Champagne, “Des règles à revoir pour limiter les dégâts des porcheries,” Le Devoir, 24 Jan. 2022; “Business Deeply Unconvinced,” Financial Times, 19 Dec. 2021; Emily Massey and William A. Oden, “Split Decision: SCOTUS Stays OSHA ETS, While Upholding CMS Vaccine Mandate,” National Law Review, 13 Jan. 2022.

² Unless otherwise indicated in text or notes, in this commentary I draw on two sources, Yates, JoAnne and Murphy, Craig N., Engineering Rules: Global Standard Setting since 1880 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2019)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, and their introduction to this special issue, which contextualizes the five articles on standards, for what I write about the history of the private international standard-setting system.

³ Graham, Margaret B. W. and Pruitt, Bettye H., R&D for Industry: A Century of Technical Innovation at Alcoa (Cambridge, U.K., 1990)Google Scholar. Chapter 2 details the achievement of performance and production standards for aluminum cable steel reinforced.

⁴ Graham and Pruitt, 109–11.

⁵ Graham, Margaret B. W. and Shuldiner, Alec. T., Corning and the Craft of Innovation (New York, 2001), 48–50Google Scholar.

⁶ Graham, Margaret B. W., “Henry P. Gage: Entrepreneurial Standards Setter for Corning Glass Works, 1911–1947,” Entreprises et Histoire, no. 51 (June 2008): 32–33Google Scholar recounts the problems faced by Henry P. Gage, Cornell PhD, who was singularly responsible for balancing the maintenance of performance standards in colored glass against the production standards for mass production before World War I.