Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T12:32:45.718Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Revisiting the Global Business Ethics Question

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2015

Abstract:

A fundamental question of global business ethics is, “When moral business conduct standards conflict across borders, whose standards should prevail?” Western scholarship and practice tends to depict home country standards as “higher” or more “restrictive” or “well-ordered” than the “lower” standards of emerging market actors. As much as the question appears culturally neutral, many who ask it do so with a culturally-specific lens shaped by prevailing conditions of Western economic strength. However, the dominant economic powers of the future are not likely to be the same North American and Western European markets that have reigned supreme in the recent past. As corporations increasingly re-examine their political roles in global governance, we need also to re-examine the moral authority of global ethical norms so they do not merely reflect the dominant ideologies of the most economically powerful market actors.

Type
Responses to BEQ’s Special Issue on the Changing Role of Business in Global Society
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Business Ethics 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Andrews, E. L. 2009. “Leaders of G-20 Vow to Reshape Global Economy,” New York Times (September 26).Google Scholar
Appiah, K. A. 2006. Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of Strangers. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Arnold, D. G., and Bowie, N. E. 2007. “Respect for Workers in Global Supply Chains: Advancing the Debate over Sweatshops,” Business Ethics Quarterly 17: 13545.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banerjee, S. B., and Linstead, S. 2001. “Globalization, Multiculturalism and Other Fictions: Colonialism for the New Millennium?” Organization 8: 683722.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benton, R. 2002. “Environmental Racism, Consumption, and Sustainability,” Business Ethics Quarterly 12: 8398.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benton, R. 2008. “Review of J. R. Desjardins, Business, Ethics, and the Environment: Imagining a Sustainable Future,” Business Ethics Quarterly 18: 56781.Google Scholar
Bremmer, I., and Pujadas, J. 2009. “State Capitalism Makes a Comeback,” Harvard Business Review 87(2): 3233.Google Scholar
Calkins, M. J., and Werhane, P. H. 1998. “Adam Smith, Aristotle, and the Virtues of Commerce,” Journal of Value Inquiry 32: 4360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camerer, C. F., Loewenstein, G., and Prelec, D. 2004. “Neuroeconomics: Why Economics Needs Brains,” Scandinavian Journal of Economics 106(3): 55579.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Camerer, C. F., Loewenstein, G., and Prelec, D. 2005. “Neuroeconomics: How Neuroscience Can Inform Economics,” Journal of Economic Literature 43: 964.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, T. 2006. “A Human Rights Approach to Developing Voluntary Codes of Conduct for Multinational Corporations,” Business Ethics Quarterly 16: 25569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Citigroup. 2007. Code of Conduct: Our Shared Responsibilities, available at http://www.citigroup.com/citi/corporategovernance/data/codeconduct_en.pdf, first accessed August 25, 2009.Google Scholar
Donaldson, T. 1996. “Values in Tension: Ethics Away from Home,” Harvard Business Review 74(5): 4862.Google Scholar
Donaldson, T., and Dunfee, T. W. 1999. Ties That Bind: A Social Contracts Approach to Business Ethics. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Business School Press.Google Scholar
Elms, H., and Phillips, R. A. 2009. “Private Security Companies and Institutional Legitimacy: Corporate and Stakeholder Responsibility,” Business Ethics Quarterly 19: 40332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Enderle, G., ed. 1999. International Business Ethics: Challenges and Approaches. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
ExxonMobil. 2009. Code of Ethics and Business Conduct, available at http://www.exxonmobil.com/corporate/files/corporate/investor_governance_ethics.pdf, first accessed August 25, 2009.Google Scholar
Fehr, E., and Gächter, S. 2000. “Fairness and Retaliation: The Economics of Reciprocity,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 14(3): 15981.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fehr, E., and Tyran, J. R. 2005. “Individual Irrationality and Aggregate Outcomes,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 19(4): 4366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, B. M. 2005. The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Friedman, T. L. 2008. Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution—and How it Can Renew America. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.Google Scholar
Hanafin, J. J. 2002. “Morality and the Market in China: Some Contemporary Views,” Business Ethics Quarterly 12(1): 118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Handy, C. 2002. “What’s a Business For?” Harvard Business Review 80(12): 4956.Google Scholar
Harvey, B. 1999. “‘Graceful Merchants’: A Contemporary View of Chinese Business Ethics,” Journal of Business Ethics 20: 8592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heilbroner, R. L. 1999. The Worldly Philosophers: The Lives, Times, and Ideas of the Great Economic Thinkers, rev. 7th ed. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Hsieh, N. 2009. “Does Global Business Have a Responsibility to Promote Just Institutions?” Business Ethics Quarterly 19: 25173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Inglehart, R. 1990. Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton N.J.: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jacques, M. 2009. When China Rules the World: The End of the Western World and the Birth of a New Global Order. New York: Penguin.Google Scholar
James, H. 2008. “Family Values or Crony Capitalism?” Capitalism and Society 3(1): 128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, K. W., and Abromov, I. Y. 2004. Business Ethics: A Manual for Managing a Responsible Business Enterprise in Emerging Market Economies. Washington D.C.: United States Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration.Google Scholar
Keidel, A. 2008. China’s Economic Rise: Fact and Fiction. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Policy Brief 61.Google Scholar
Khan, F. R., Munir, K. A., and Willmott, H. 2007. “A Dark Side of Institutional Entrepreneurship: Soccer Balls, Child Labour and Postcolonial Impoverishment,” Organization Studies 28: 105577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kobrin, S. J. 2009. “Private Political Authority and Public Responsibility: Transnational Politics, Transnational Firms, and Human Rights,” Business Ethics Quarterly 19: 34974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koehn, D. 1999. “What Can Eastern Philosophy Teach Us About Business Ethics?” Journal of Business Ethics 19: 7179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, Xiaohe. 1997. “Business Ethics in China,” Journal of Business Ethics 16: 150918.Google Scholar
Lu, Xiaohe. 2009. “A Chinese Perspective: Business Ethics in China Now and in the Future,” Journal of Business Ethics 86: 45161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luce, E. 2009. “G20 Summit: New Body to Lead Global Recovery,” Financial Times (September 26).Google Scholar
Luo, Yadong. 2007. Guanxi and Business. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matten, D., and Crane, A. 2005. “Corporate Citizenship: Toward an Extended Theoretical Conceptualization,” Academy of Management Review 30: 16679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nisbett, R. E. 2003. The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently … and Why. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, M. C. 2001. Upheavals of Thought: The Intelligence of Emotions. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Higgins, E. R. E. 2006. “Corruption, Underdevelopment, and Extractive Resource Industries: Addressing the Vicious Cycle,” Business Ethics Quarterly 16: 23554.Google Scholar
Ouroussoff, N. 2008. “Olympic Stadium with a Design to Remember,” The New York Times (August 5).Google Scholar
Pies, I., Hielscher, S., and Beckmann, M. 2009. “Moral Commitments and the Societal Role of Business: An Ordonomic Approach to Corporate Citizenship,” Business Ethics Quarterly 19: 375401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Plato, . 1984. “Euthyphro,” in The Dialogues of Plato, vol. 1, trans. Allen, R. E.New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
PricewaterhouseCoopers. 2006. The World in 2050: How Big Will the Major Emerging Market Economies Get and How Can the OECD Compete? Available at http://www.pwc.com/en_GX/gx/world-2050/pdf/world2050emergingeconomies.pdf, first accessed July 31, 2009.Google Scholar
Romar, E. 2009. “Snapshots of the Future: Darfur, Katrina, and Maple Sugar,” Journal of Business Ethics 85: 12132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rose, S. 2009. “Will the Beijing Blaze Come Back to Haunt European Architects?” The Guardian (Febraury 10).Google Scholar
Said, E. W. 1993. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Santoro, M. A. 2000. Profits and Principles: Global Capitalism and Human Rights in China. Ithaca N.Y.: Cornell University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scherer, A. G., and Palazzo, G. 2007. “Toward a Political Conception of Corporate Responsibility: Business and Society Seen From a Habermasian Perspective,” Academy of Management Review 32: 10961120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scherer, A. G., Palazzo, G., and Baumann, D. 2006. “Global Rules and Private Actors: Toward a New Role of the Transnational Corporation in Global Governance,” Business Ethics Quarterly 16: 50532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scherer, A. G., Palazzo, G., and Matten, D. 2009. “Introduction to the Special Issue: Globalization as a Challenge for Business Responsibilities,” Business Ethics Quarterly 19: 32747.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwab, K. 2008. “Global Corporate Citizenship: Working with Governments and Civil Society,” Foreign Affairs 87(1): 10718.Google Scholar
Sen, A. 1988. On Ethics and Economics. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing.Google Scholar
Sethi, S. P. 2003. Setting Global Standards: Guidelines for Creating Codes of Conduct in Multinational Corporations. Hoboken N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Slessor, C. 2008. “Three is the Magic Number,” The Architectural Review (August 1).Google Scholar
Solomon, R. C., ed. 2003. What is an Emotion? Classic and Contemporary Readings. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Solomon, R. C., ed. 2004. Thinking about Feeling: Contemporary Philosophers on Emotions. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stern, N. 2007. The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sybert, R. P. 2008. “IP Protection and Counterfeiting in China,” Intellectual Property & Technology Law Journal 20(7): 1215.Google Scholar
Takahashi, A. 1999. “Ethics in Developing Economies of Asia,” in International Business Ethics: Challenges and Approaches, ed. Enderle, G.Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Velasquez, M. 2000. “Globalization and the Failure of Ethics,” Business Ethics Quarterly 10: 34352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warren, D. E., Dunfee, T. W., and Li, N. 2004. “Social Exchange in China: The Double-Edged Sword of Guanxi,” Journal of Business Ethics 55(4): 35572.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Werhane, P. H., and Gorman, M. 2005. “Intellectual Property Rights, Moral Imagination, and Access to Life-Enhancing Drugs,” Business Ethics Quarterly 15: 595613.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Windsor, D. 2004. “The Development of International Business Norms,” Business Ethics Quarterly 14: 72954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Economic Forum. 2009. “The Future of the Global Financial System: A Near-Term Outlook and Long-Term Scenarios,” available at http://www.weforum.org/pdf/scenarios/TheFutureoftheGlobalFinancialSystem.pdf, first accessed July 31, 2009.Google Scholar
Yardley, J. 2008. “Beijing Olympics Chief May Be Executed for Corruption,” New York Times (October 20).Google Scholar
Zakaria, F. 2008. The Post-American World. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar