^{page 1032 note 1} The visit was financed by grants from the University of London Central Research Funds, and from the S.O.A.S.

^{page 1032 note 2} See footnote 1, p. 1034.

^{page 1032 note 3} “Hausa verse prosody,” JA0S., vol. 69, No. 3, 1949. “Some problems in Hausa phonology,” in Language, No. 4 of vol. 17,1941.

^{page 1032 note 4} “An Outline Hausa Grammar,” supplement to Language, vol. 23, No. 4, 1947.

^{page 1032 note 5} A Hausa-English Dictionary and English-Hausa Vocabulary, Rev. Bargery, G. P., 1934.Google ScholarDictionary of the Hausa Language, Major Abraham, R. C. and Kano, Malam Mai, 1949.Google Scholar I am referring here to the fact that, in their transcriptions, to indicate the pronunciation of the dictionary entries, both Bargery and Abraham recognize two lengths of final vowel.

^{page 1032 note 6} Italics are used for examples in Hausa orthography; heavy type for examples in the special transcription. See footnote to Table 1, p. 1037.

^{page 1032 note 7} Before I went to Nigeria, Mr. F. W. Parsons of the S.O.A.S. had already listed for a different purpose all the entries of the disyllabic noun in Bargery's Hausa-English Dictionary. I am indebted to Mr. Parsons for the use of this list, which saved me a great deal of labour.

^{page 1032 note 8} There are of course other means of differentiation at other points of the structure but I am treating all these as irrelevant to the present study.

^{page 1034 note 1} According to the pronunciation of Kano speakers, this word is an example of group A-2, not of group B-2. According to the pronunciation of speakers of the other dialects, it is an example of the group B-2.

^{page 1035 note 1} See para. 4, p. 1042.

^{page 1037 note 1} This special transcription in heavy type focuses attention on the duration differences described in the notes on the contrasting pairs. The “longer” durations are indicated by doubling the letter. The enclitics are written here nee, cee because the quality and duration of the vowel are similar to those described under e final in group A.

^{page 1038 note 1} A double final vowel letter indicates those examples in which there was no final glottal closure and release.

^{page 1038 note 2} A single vowel letter with a following high comma indicates those examples in which there was final glottal closure and release.

^{page 1039 note 1} In Kano Hausa, ta is used after the feminine singular forms and na after the others.

^{page 1040 note 1} The meaning does not allow the -nsa’ form here.

^{page 1041 note 1} “Sounds and Prosodies,” Transactions of the Philological Society, 1948, page 130.

^{page 1041 note 2} See Table 2, on page 1038.

^{page 1042 note 1} For different treatment of yotization and labialization see:

(1) p. xxiv of Bargery's “Compiler's introduction” to his dictionary, where he says “A short e is rarely heard in a closed syllable, it being usually replaced by a short a or when following the letter k or g by ya, e.g. wannan mace, but macan nan; wannan mage, but magyan nan; wannan keke, but kekyan nan”.

(2) Hodge, Outline of Hausa Grammar, section 1.14.1, where he says “The vowels /e / and /o / are further limited in that they occur only in clusters /ee/ and /oo/.”

(3) Greenberg, Some problems in Hausa phonology, section 4, where he says “Non-pausal short e and o are replaced by a”, and later, “The palatalization and labialization of the velars before c and o is retained before the a in the form with closed syllable,”

^{page 1042 note 2} See notes on e final on page 1035.

^{page 1043 note 1} See page 1036.