Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T01:09:20.048Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Portraits and career of Mohammed Ali, son of Kazem-Beg: Scottish missionaries and Russian orientalism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

A. D. H. Bivar
Affiliation:
School of Oriental and African Studies, London

Extract

The occasion for the present article was the appearance for sale in a London auction of the portrait, apparently by the Scottish painter Sir William Allan 1782–1850), reproduced here on p1. I. It represented a young Persian gentleman in mid-nineteenth-century dress. On the back was a label in a later hand, which read:

Muzjd [read Mirza?] Mohammed AH Bey / Professor of Oriental Languages / University of Hazan / Painted by Sir William All…’.

On 26 March 1987 the present writer received an inquiry from the cataloguer, Karen Taylor, seeking help with the identification of the sitter and his place of residence. Some rapid inquiries were made at the time, from which it appeared that the university was probably that of Kazan in eastern Russia, and that the sitter may have had some connexion with a teacher of Persian known to the celebrated Russian Orientalist V. V. Bartol'd. However, records relating to Kazan then available in London were insufficient to support a definite identification. The portrait was sold as Lot no. 352 in the auction held on 4th November 1987, and was reproduced in the catalogue of the sale.Subsequent research, and inquiries in Russia, have brought forth fuller information about the sitter, a person whose career was unusual and distinguished, and who may be considered one of the founders of Oriental Studies at St. Petersburg. In spite of the time which has passed since the sale, it seems worth while to put the resulting information on record.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1994

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Allan, William, Haslan Gheray: a narrative illustrative of the subject of a painting. Edinburgh, 1817. With frontispiece of the author's engraving from the painting ‘Haslan Gheray conducting Alkazia across the Kuban’. [BL 12612.h.12.]Google Scholar
Anon., ‘Sir William Allan’, Art-Journal, 1849, 108–9.Google Scholar
Baratynskaya, Olga, ‘A. K. Kazem-Bek’, Russkii arkhiv, XXXI, 3, 1893, 209–26; 537–55.Google Scholar
Bartol'd, V. V., Materialy dlya istorii fakulteta vostochnykh yazykov, iv, St. Petersburg, 1909, especially pp. 830.Google Scholar
Memoir, Brief. A brief memoir of the life and conversion of Mahomed Ali Bey, a learned Persian of Darband. American Sunday School Union. Philadelphia, 1827. [BL 864.g.43.] The most detailed early account of Mohammed Ali's conversion, evidently written by an eye-witness at Astrakhan. The narrative cites, by name, the individual missionaries involved, amongst whom Bryce, William Glen, Mitchell, and Robert Ross are prominent, and at some points coincides verbatim with the text of Brown's account, probably from a use of common sources. The letter also contains documents, including the text (or English version) of Prince Gol'itsin's reply authorizing the conversion, and a literal English translation of Mohammed Ali's letter to the Qādī of Khiva, which exactly follows the conventional form of an Arabic epistle (see appendix, above). This evidently exact English translation suggests that William Glen may have been the compiler of the narrative.Google Scholar
Brown, W.History of the propagation of Christianity among the heathen since the reformation, third edition, Edinburgh–London 1854, II, 425–9.Google Scholar
Brydall, Robert. History of art in Scotland, Edinburgh–London, 1889, 272.Google Scholar
Edinburgh, C. B. Tate and Nisbet, T.. Catalogue of the valuable original pictures, sketches and studies, in oil and chalk, finished water-colours, drawings etc., of the late Sir William Allan, R.A., P.R.S.A, together with his superb collection of ancient armour and warlike weapons, the Eastern Portion of which were collected during his travels in the Crimea, Russian Tartary and Turkey… which will be sold at auction by Messrs. C. B. Tate and T. Nisbet in their great room, no. 1 Hanover Street on Thursday, April 18th 1850 and the two following days.Google Scholar
Edinburgh, , Royal Scottish Academy. The Royal Scottish Academy, 18261916.Google Scholar
Glen, William.Journal of a tour from Astrachan to Karass, Edinburgh, 1823.Google Scholar
Gulijev, Vilayät.Mirzä Kazïmbäy, Baku, 1987. (In Azerbaijani Turkish, written in Cyrillic script.)Google Scholar
‘H.K.’, ‘Mirza Alexander Kazem-Beg’, ZDMG, 1854, 375–8. A very concise and factual biographical sketch.Google Scholar
Jones, M. V.‘The sad and curious story of Karass’, Oxford Slavonic papers, 8, 1975. 53–81.Google Scholar
Knill, Richard.Journal, 192. (MS SOAS, Archives. Journals (1) Russia 1818–1831: R. Knill, Russia, etc. 18191831).Google Scholar
Kroll, A. E., Trudy gosudarstvennogo Ermitazha (1961), 6, 383–94. I have had the benefit of an English translation of this article by DrGilroy, Marie, kindly made available by Helen Smailes, under the title ‘Russian themes in the paintings of a British romantic’.Google Scholar
Leningrad, Hermitage. The Hermitage: catalogue of the European painting. British painting 16th–19th centuries. By Dukelskaya, Larissa A. and Renne, Elizaveta P., Moscow and Florence, 1990. pp. 79. Includes a previously unpublished portrait of an unknown man, tentatively attributed to William Allan on the strength of a preparatory sketch in the collection endorsed ‘William Allan 1814’.Google Scholar
Lyall, Robert. Travels in Russia, the Krimea, the Caucasus and Georgia, London, 1825.Google Scholar
Ross, Robert, Rev. Dr., ‘The Persian convert’, The Christian Keepsake and Missionary Annual, 1836, 155–68.Google Scholar
Rzaev, A. K.Mirza Kaiem-Bek, Baku, 1965.Google Scholar
Rzaev, A. K. M.Kazem-Bek: izbrannye proizvedeniya, Baku, 1985.Google Scholar
Rzaev, A. K.Mukhammad Ali M. Kazem-Bek, Moskva, 1989.Google Scholar
Sotheby's Sale Catalogue. Topographical paintings water-colours and drawings, particularly of American, Canadian, Australian, New Zealand, South African, Asian, South American, Greek, and Middle Eastern interest, London, Wednesday 4th November 1987, 158, no. 52.Google Scholar
*Zagoskin, N. P.Istoriya Imperatorskogo Kazanskogo Universiteta, Kazan, 1902.Google Scholar
*Zakiev, M. Z. ‘Vliyaniye Kazanskogo Universiteta na razvitiye tyurkologii v pervoi polovine XIX veka (do 1855 g.)’ (The influence of Kazan University on turcological studies in the first half of the XlXth century ]until 1855]), Voprosy Tatarskogo yazykoznaniya (Questions of Tatar Linguistics), II, Kazan, 1965, 367 (or 267 ?).Google Scholar