Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T15:24:19.856Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Internal or external evil: a merism in Luwian incantations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2019

Alice Mouton  and
Ilya Yakubovich
Alice Mouton*
Affiliation:
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique – UMR 8167 / Institut Catholique de Paris
Ilya Yakubovich*
Affiliation:
Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences / University of Marburg
*
[email protected]
[email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The paper addresses the frequent collocation /ir(hu)waliyan parittarwaliyan/, which occurs in Luwian incantations embedded in Hittite cuneiform ritual texts. Despite the relatively clear context, the meanings of this and similar collocations have remained obscure. Using combinatory and etymological methods, we intend to demonstrate that it hides the merism “internal (or) external”, which modifies various sorts of supernatural negative phenomena. Furthermore, we intend to argue that such an interpretation is compatible with the Late Bronze Age Anatolian beliefs about potential sources of evil. A collateral result of our demonstration is the elucidation of a number of additional contexts in the Hittite, Luwian, Lydian, and official Aramaic languages.

Keywords

LuwianHittiteIncantationsLycianRitual textsAncient Near Eastern religions
Type
Article
Information
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , Volume 82 , Issue 2 , June 2019 , pp. 209 - 231
Copyright
Copyright © SOAS University of London 2019 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abusch, T. and Schwemer, D.. 2008. “Das Abwehrzauber-Ritual Maqlû (‘Verbrennung’)”, in Janowski, B. and Wilhelm, G. (eds), Omina, Orakel, Rituale und Beschwörungen. (Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments Neue Folge 4.) Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 128–86.10.14315/9783641219901Google Scholar
Abusch, T. and Schwemer, D.. 2011. Corpus of Mesopotamian Anti-Witchcraft Rituals. Volume 1. (Ancient Magic and Divination 8/1.) Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Bauer, A. 2014. Morphosyntax of the Noun Phrase in Hieroglyphic Luwian. (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages and Linguistics 12.) Leiden: Brill.10.1163/9789004260030Google Scholar
Buckler, W.H. 1924. A Collection of the Texts in Lydian Script Found at Sardis and Elsewhere. (Sardis VI/II.) Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Carruba, O. 1982. “Der Kasus auf -sa des Luwischen”, in Neu, E. (ed.), Investigationes philologicae et comparativae. Gedenkschrift für Heinz Kronasser. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1–15.Google Scholar
Christiansen, B. 2006. Die Ritualtradition der Ambazzi. Eine philologische Bearbeitung und entstehungsgeschichtliche Analyse der Ritualtexte CTH 391, CTH 429, und CTH 463. (Studien zu den Boğaköy-Texten 48.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Christiansen, B. 2012. Schicksalsbestimmende Kommunikation: sprachliche, gesellschaftliche und religiöse Aspekte hethitischer Fluch-, Segens- und Eidesformeln. (Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten 53.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Douglas, M. 1966. Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Giusfredi, F., Kammenhuber †, A. and Friedrich †, J.. 2014. Hethitisches Wörterbuch: Zweite, völlig neubearbeitete Auflage auf der Grundlage der edierten hethitischen Texte, Band IV/23 (I). Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar
Graf, F. 1994. La magie dans l'antiquité gréco-romaine. Idéologie et pratique. Paris: Les Belles Lettres.Google Scholar
Groddek, D. 2010. Hethitische Texte in Transkription: KBo 54. (Dresdner Beiträge zur Hethitologie 31.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Gusmani, R. 1964. Lydisches Wörterbuch, mit grammatischer Skizze und Inschriftensammlung. Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar
Hanson, R.S. 1969. “Aramaic funerary and boundary inscriptions of Asia Minor”, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 192, 3–11.Google Scholar
Hawkins, J.D. 2000. Corpus of Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions. Volume I. Part I, II: Texts; Part III: Plates. (Untersuchungen zur indogermanischen Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft NF 8.) Berlin: de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Hinz, W. 1975. Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen. (Göttinger Orientforschungen 3/3.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Hutter, M. 1988. Behexung, Entsühnung und Heilung. Das Ritual der Tunnawiya für ein Köngispaar aus mittelhetthitischer Zeit (KBo XXI 1 – KUB IX 34 – KBo XXI 6). (Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 82.) Goettingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.Google Scholar
Hutter, M. 2003. “Aspects of Luwian religion”, in Melchert, H.C. (ed.), The Luwians. (Handbuch der Orientalistik I/68.) Leiden: Brill, 211–80.10.1163/9789047402145_007Google Scholar
Kammenhuber, A and Friedrich†, J.. 1988. Hethitisches Wörterbuch: Zweite, völlig neubearbeitete Auflage auf der Grundlage der edierten hethitischen Texte, Band II (E). Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar
Kassian, A.S. 2000. Two Middle Hittite Rituals Mentioning fZiplantawija, Sister of the Hittite King mTuthalija II/I. Moscow: Paleograph.Google Scholar
Kelder, J. 2011. “A new reading of Lydian laqrisa as ‘words’ or ‘inscriptions’”, Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 2011/2, 44–5.Google Scholar
Kimball, S.E. 1999. Hittite Historical Phonology. (Innsbrücker Beiträge für Sprachwissenschaft 95.) Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck.Google Scholar
Kloekhorst, A. 2008. Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon. (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series 5.) Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Laroche, E. 1959. Dictionnaire de la langue louvite. (Bibliothèque archéologique et historique de l'Institut français d'archéologie d'Istanbul 6.) Paris: Maisonneuve.Google Scholar
Lemaire, A. 2000. Textes araméens d'Anatolie d'époque perse, III. Inscriptions de Lydie, 1. Sardes [pdf]. Available at www.achemenet.com [accessed 24.06.2018].Google Scholar
Marcuson, H. 2016. “‘Words of the old woman’: studies in female ritual practice in Hittite Anatolia”. PhD dissertation, University of Chicago.Google Scholar
Meiser, G. 1998. Historische Laut- und Formenlehre der lateinischen Sprache. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 1983. “Pudenda hethitica”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 35, 137–45.10.2307/3515963Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 1993. Cuneiform Luwian Lexicon. Chapel Hill, NC: Self-published.Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 1997. “Denominative verbs in Anatolian”, in Disterheft, D. et al. (eds), Studies in Honor of Jaan Puhvel. Part One: Ancient Languages and Philology. (Journal of Indo-European Studies Monograph Series 20.) Washington: Institute for the Study of Man, 131–8.Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 2000. “Tocharian plural in -nt- and related phenomena”, Tocharian and Indo-European Studies 9, 53–71.Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 2006. “Medio-passive forms in Lydian?” in Bombi, R. et al. (eds), Studi Linguistici in onore di Roberto Gusmani. Alessandria: Orso, 1161–66.Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 2012. “Genitive case and possessive adjective in Anatolian”, in Orioles, V. (ed.), Per Roberto Gusmani. Linguistica storica e teorica: Studi in ricordo. 2nd ed. Udine: Forum, vol. 1, 273–86.Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 2013. “Hittite and hieroglyphic Luvian arha ‘away’: common inheritance or borrowing?”, Journal of Language Contact 6, 300–12.10.1163/19552629-00602005Google Scholar
Melchert, H.C. 2018. “The etymology of Luwian tarrawa-/tarrawann(i)- and Hittite tarru-”, Talk given at the University of Marburg on 20 November 2018.Google Scholar
Melzer, S. and Görke, S.. 2017. CTH 400.1 [online]. Available at hethiter.net/:CTH 400.1 [accessed 28.03.2018].Google Scholar
Miller, J. 2006. “Joins and duplicates among the Boğazköy tablets (1–10)”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie 96, 235–41.10.1515/ZA.2006.011Google Scholar
Monte (del), G. 1973. “Il terrore dei morti”, Annali dell'Istituto Orientale di Napoli NS 23, 373–85.Google Scholar
Mouton, A. 2010. “Sorcellerie hittite”, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 62, 105–25.10.1086/JCS41103875Google Scholar
Mouton, A. 2015. “The sacred in Hittite Anatolia: a tentative definition”, History of Religions 55, 41–64.10.1086/681805Google Scholar
Mouton, A. 2016. Rituels, mythes et prières hittites. (Littératures Anciennes du Proche-Orient 21.) Paris: Le Cerf.Google Scholar
Mouton, A. Forthcoming. “Hittitology and anthropology of religion: a glimpse of the future”, in Goedegebuure, P. and van den Hout, Th. (eds), Proceedings of the Xth International Congress of Hittitology.Google Scholar
Nikolaev, A. 2010. “Time to gather stones together: Greek λᾶας and its Indo-European background”, in Jamison, S.W. et al. (eds), Proceedings of the 21st Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference. Bremen: Hempen, 189–206.Google Scholar
Oettinger, N. 1976. Die militärischen Eide der Hethiter. (Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten 22.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Oettinger, N. 1978. “Die Gliederung des anatolischen Sprachgebiets”, Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung 92, 74–92.Google Scholar
Oettinger, N. 2016. “Luw. ārrazza- und gr. ὄρχις ‘Hode’ (mit einer Bemerkung zu gr. ἔνδον)”, in Marquardt, H. et al. (eds), Anatolica et Indogermanica. Studia linguistica in honorem Johannes Tischler septuagenarii dedicate. (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft 155.) Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, 231–9.Google Scholar
Oettinger, N. 2017. “Das Suffix *-u̯ó- im Indogermanischen und Anatolischen”, Indogermanische Forschungen 122, 253–63.10.1515/if-2017-0013Google Scholar
Puhvel, J. 1984. Hittite Etymological Dictionary. Vol. 1: Words beginning with A. Vol. 2. Words beginning with E and I. (Trends in Linguistics 1.) Berlin: Mouton.Google Scholar
Reiner, E. 1958. Šurpu. A Collection of Sumerian and Akkadian Incantations. (Archiv für Orientforschung Beiheft 11.) Graz: Self-edited.Google Scholar
Rieken, E. and Yakubovich, I.. 2010. “The new values of Luwian signs L 319 and L 172”, in Singer, I. (ed.), Ipamati kistamati pari tumatimis: Luwian and Hittite Studies Presented to J. David Hawkins on the Occasion of his 70th birthday. Tel-Aviv: Institute of Archaeology, 199–219.Google Scholar
Rieken, E. and Yakubovich, I.. Forthcoming. “Zu den Reflexen der Wurzel *al- in den anatolischen Sprachen”, in Malzahn, M. (ed.), Proceedings of the 15th Fachtagung of the Indogermanische Gesellschaft (Vienna, September 12–16, 2016).Google Scholar
Sasseville, D. 2014–15. Luwian and Lydian agent nouns in *-é-leh 2. Die Sprache 51/1, 105–24.Google Scholar
Sasseville, D. and Yakubovich, I.. Forthcoming. “Palaic words for animals and their enclosures”, Historische Sprachforschung.Google Scholar
Schürr, D. 1997. “Lydisches IV: Zur Grammatik der Inschrift Nr. 22 (Sardis)”, Die Sprache 39/2, 201–12.Google Scholar
Schürr, D. 2000. “Drei lydische Komposita”, Incontri Linguistici 23, 123–9.Google Scholar
Schwiderski, D. 2004. Die alt- und reichsaramäischen Inschriften. Band 1: Konkordanz. (Fontes et subsidia ad Bibliam pertinentes 2.) Berlin: De Gruyter.Google Scholar
Sideltsev, A. and Yakubovich, I.. 2016. “The origin of Lydian indefinite pronouns and its phonological implications”, Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft 70/1, 75–124.Google Scholar
Singer, I. 1984. The Hittite KI.LAM Festival. Part Two. (Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten 28.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Smoczyński, W. 2007. Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego. Vilnius: University of Vilnius.Google Scholar
Starke, F. 1985. Die keilschrift-luwischen Texte in Umschrift. (Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten 30.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Starke, F. 1990. Untersuchung zur Stammbildung der keilschrift-luwischen Nomens. (Studien zu den Boğazköy-Texten 31.) Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Strauß, Rita. 2006. Reinigungsrituale aus Kizzuwatna: Ein Beitrag zur Erforschung hethitischer Ritualtradition und Kulturgeschichte. Berlin: de Gruyter.10.1515/9783110903652Google Scholar
Yakubovich, I. 2008. “The origin of Luvian possessive adjectives”, in Jones-Bley, K. et al. (eds), Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual UCLA IE Conference Los Angeles, November 3–4, 2007. Washington: Institute for the Study of Man, 193–217.Google Scholar
Yakubovich, I. 2010. Sociolinguistics of the Luvian Language. (Brill's Studies in Indo-European Languages and Linguistics 2.) Leiden: Brill.10.1163/9789047440277Google Scholar
Yakubovich, I. 2012. “The reading of Luwian ARHA and related problems”, Altorientalische Forschungen 39/2, 321–39.10.1524/aofo.2012.0022Google Scholar
Yakubovich, I. 2015. “The Luwian language” [pdf]. Oxford Handbooks Online. Available at http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935345.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199935345-e-18 [accessed 24.06.2018].Google Scholar
Yakubovich, I. 2016. “A Luwian welcome”, in Velhartická, Š. (ed.), Audias fabulas veteres. Anatolian Studies in Honor of Jana Součková-Siegelová. (Culture and History of the Ancient Near East 79.) Leiden: Brill, 463–84.10.1163/9789004312616_032Google Scholar
Zeilfelder, S. 2001. Archaismus und Ausgliederung: Studien zur sprachlichen Stellung des Hethitischen. (Indogermanische Bibliothek 3.) Heidelberg: Winter.Google Scholar