^{page 592 note 1}See Firth, ‘Sounds and prosodies’, TPS, 1948, 131 and 137; id., ‘Modes of meaning’, Essays and Studies, 1951, 120 and 122; id., note to Thornley, G.C., ‘The accents and points of MS Junius 11’, TPS, 1954, 201–3.Google Scholar

^{page 592 note 2}For the Yurok see Kroeber, A.L., ‘Handbook of the Indians of California’, BAEB, 78, 1925, 1–97Google Scholar. The distinctiveness of Yurok music was pointed out by Kroeber (ibid., 95–6).

^{page 592 note 3}For the term ‘collocation’ see Firth, ‘Modes of meaning’, esp. p. 126.

^{page 592 note 4}One's informants were, of course, clear about a difference between singing and talking; but they did not consider singing as a complex activity of two parts. They could ‘say’ the text of what had been sung, from the tape recording, but this was an effort and even a discovery for them.

^{page 593 note 1}At the time of writing a grammar of Yurok was in process of publication in the University of California Publications in Linguistics series.

^{page 593 note 2}For this term see Robins, ‘Formal divisions in Sundanese’, TPS, 1953, 122.Google Scholar

^{page 593 note 3}The phonological diphthong ey is frequently realized phonetically as [e;] or [ε:].

^{page 594 note 1}That is to say, the syllable is assignable to the pitch level of the note indicated, but the manner of production involves a less even series of sound waves for the fundamental and dependent overtones, giving an impression of a spoken rather than a sung syllable; cf. Hockett, C.F., A manual of phonology (Indiana University Publications in Anthropology and Linguistics, Memoir 11), 1955, 183.Google Scholar

^{page 594 note 2}In the light of what was said above, Song will be taken as Text and Music.

^{page 594 note 3}Textual phrases will be symbolized by lower case roman letters, musical phrases by corresponding Greek letters.

^{page 595 note 1}The grammatical terms employed are treated in detail in the Yurok grammar referred to in note 1, p. 593.

^{page 595 note 2}TPS, 1935, 36–72. For levels of analysis in linguistics see this article and id., ‘Personality and language in society’, Sociol. Rev., XLII, 1950, 37–52.Google Scholar

^{page 596 note 1}‘Handbook’, 61–2.

^{page 596 note 2}See McBeth, Frances Turner, Lower Klamath country, 1950, 38–47.Google Scholar

^{page 597 note 1}See Firth, ‘Sounds and prosodies’, 129–30.

^{page 597 note 2}‘Handbook’, 63–6. SUmi:g in the text is identified as Patrick's Point on the Pacific coast in the Yurok country; see Waterman, T.T., ‘Yurok geography’, UCPAAE, xvi, 5, 1920Google Scholar, map 32 and p. 267, where the importance of Sumi:g in Yurok mythology is emphasized.

^{page 598 note 1}Such syntactically parallel pairs of inflected verbs and shorter (non-inflected) verbs are quite common in Yurok.

^{page 598 note 2}cf. what was said of the relation of α and γ in Song 2 (p. 597 above).

^{page 599 note 1}rek'^wOy in the text occupies the same place as the present village of Requa, which takes its name from an anglicization of the Yurok word. The village is situated at the mouth of the Klamath river, on the right bank. See Waterman, op. cit., map 5 and p. 231.

It is interesting to note the presence of similar syllable groups at the end of songs of the ‘Bird’ song-series among the Yuman and Mohave. One may point out that musicologically these songseries fall within the limits of the Yuman musical style, which, as Herzog has noted, is different from the rest of Western Hemisphere music stylistically. See Herzog, G., ‘The Yuman musical style’, Journal of American Folk-lore, XLI, 1928, 185.Google Scholar Whether Yurok music has other affinities with the Yuman style remains a question for future research. This feature may have travelled independently of music in shaman formulas. Kroeber quotes a formula for release from corpse contamination among the Yurok which begins with these syllable groups (‘Handbook’, 71).

^{page 600 note 1}On the schematization of context of situation see Firth, ‘Personality and language in society’, 43; for this approach to language analysis see also id., ‘The technique of semantics’.

^{page 600 note 2}See Plate 3, facing p. 288 in Waterman, op. cit.

^{page 601 note 1}ef. the relation between α and γ (α₁) Song 1, above (p. 595).

^{page 601 note 2}cf. the relation between α and y (α₁) in Song 2, above (p. 597).

^{page 603 note 1}Waterman, op. cit., map 5 (28).

^{page 604 note 1}It might not be unreasonable to compare this with the linguistic conception of different systems operating at different places in structures (see Allen, W.S., BSOA8, xvi, 3, 1954, p. 556, n. 2).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

^{page 605 note 1}cf. Firth, ‘Modes of meaning’, 134. The whole of this most suggestive article points the way to such an extension of the operations of linguistic analysis.

^{page 608 note 1}Literally, ‘Because of what’.