Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-04T19:40:28.410Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Case and proto-Arabic, Part I1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

Jonathan Owens
Jonathan Owens
Affiliation:
Batreuth University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

It is a fundamental point of comparative and historical linguistics that genealogical affiliation can only be established on the basis of concrete linguistic features, the more central the feature the more important for classificatory purposes. While there is no absolute consensus about how a central linguistic feature be identified, it can be taken as axiomatic that long-term reconstruction and classification rests most fundamentally on phonological and morphological criteria. Of these two, Hetzron (1976b) has argued that it is the morphological which is the most important because morphology represents the level of grammar that is both more complex and more arbitrary in the sense that the sound-meaning dyad has no natural basis. Precisely this arbitrariness ensures that morphological correspondences are relatively unlikely to be due to chance.

Type
Articles
Information
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , Volume 61 , Issue 1 , February 1998 , pp. 51 - 73
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Al-'Arabiyya, Vol. 20, 1987.Google Scholar
Antilla, Raimo. 1972. An introduction to historical and comparative linguistics. New York:MacMillan.Google Scholar
Baalbaki, Ramzi. 1990. ‘'I‘;râ00b and Binā’, from linguistic reality to grammatical theory’, in Kees Versteegh and Michael Carter (1990), 17–33.Google Scholar
Barth, J. 1898. ‘Die Casusreste im Hebräischen’, ZDMG, 53: 593–9.Google Scholar
Behnstedt, Peter. 1985. Die nordjeminitischen Dialekte, Teil I. Atlas. Wiesbaden: Reichert.Google Scholar
Bendor-Samuel, John. 1990. The Niger-Congo languages. Lanham: University Press of America.Google Scholar
Birkeland, Harris. 1952. ‘Growth and structure of the Egyptian Arabic dialect’, Avhandlinger utgitt av det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi, 1: 1–57.Google Scholar
Blanc, Haim. 1964. Communal dialects in Baghdad. Cambridge Mass.: Center for Middle Eastern Studies.Google Scholar
Blau, Joshua. 1969. ‘Some problems of the formation of the Old Semitic languages in the light of Arabic dialects’, Proceedings of the International Conference on Semitic Studies. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 38–44.Google Scholar
Blau, Joshua. 1976. A grammar of Biblical Hebrew. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Blau, Joshua. 1981 (2nded.). The emergence and linguistic background of Judaeo-Arabic. Jerusalem: Ben Zvi Institute.Google Scholar
Blau, Joshua. 1988. Studies in Middle Arabic. Jerusalem: Magnes Press.Google Scholar
Braukämper, Ulrich. 1993. ‘Notes on the origin of Baggara Arab culture with special reference to the Shuwa’, Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika, 14: 13–46.Google Scholar
Brockelmann, Carl. 1982 [1908]. Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der semitischen Sprachen. Hildesheim: Georg Olms.Google Scholar
Carbou, Henri. 1913. Méthode pratique pour I'étude de I'arabe parlé au Oudayy et à I'est du Tchad. Paris: Geuthner.Google Scholar
Carter, Michael. 1973. ‘An Arabic grammarian of the eighth century A.D.: a contribution to the history of linguistics’, JAOS, 93: 146–57.Google Scholar
Carter, Michael. 1990. ‘Qādī, qādi, gād: which is the odd man out?’, in Versteegh and Carter (1990), 73–90.Google Scholar
Castellino, G. 1978. ‘The case system of Cushitic in relation to Semitic’, in Pelio, Fronzaroli (ed.), Atti del secondo Congresso Internazionale di Linguistica Camito-Semitica. Florence: Instituto di Linguistica e di Lingue Orientali.Google Scholar
Callender, John. 1975. ‘Afroasiatic cases and the formation of Ancient Egyptian constructions with possessive suffixes’, Afroasiatic Linguistics, 2: 95–112.Google Scholar
Chejne, A. 1969. The Arabic language. Minneapolis: University of MinnesotaGoogle Scholar
Corriente, Frederico. 1975. ‘Marginalia on Arabic diglossia and evidence thereof in the Kitab al-Agani’, Journal of Semitic Studies, 20: 38–61.Google Scholar
Corriente, Frederico. 1976. ‘From Old Arabic to Classical Arabic through the pre-Islamic koine: some notes on the native gramarians' sources, attitudes and goals’, Journal of Semitic Studies, 21: 62–98.Google Scholar
Corriente, Frederico. 1977. A grammatical sketch of the Spanish Arabic dialect bundle. Madrid: Instituto Hispano-Arabe de Cultura.Google Scholar
Cowan, William. 1960. ‘A reconstruction of Proto-Colloquial Arabic’ Ph.D. thesis, Cornell University.Google Scholar
Croft, William. 1990. Typology and universals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Diakonoff, I. 1988. Afrasian languages. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo Nauka.Google Scholar
Diem, Werner. 1973. ‘Die nabatäischen Inschriften und die Frage der Kasusflexion im Altarabischen’, ZDMG, 123: 227–37.Google Scholar
Diem, Werner. 1984. ‘Philologisches zu den arabischen Aphrodito-Papyri’, Der Islam, 61: 251–75.Google Scholar
Diem, Werner. 1991. ‘Vom Altarabischen zum Neuarabischen. Ein Neuer Ansatz’, in Alan, Kaye (ed.), Semitic studies in honor of Wolf Leslau. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 297–308.Google Scholar
Ditters, Everhard. 1990. ‘Arabic corpus linguistics in past and present’, in Versteegh and Carter (1990), 129–41.Google Scholar
Doss, Madiha. 1995. ‘Some remarks on the oral factor in Arabic linguistics’, in Harviainen etal. (ed.), 49–62.Google Scholar
Eksell, Kerstin. 1995. ‘Complexity of linguistic change as reflected in Arabic dialects', in Harviainen etal. (1995), 63–74.Google Scholar
Al-Farra', Abu Zakariya. Ma'āniy al-Qur'ān. Beirut: 'Alam al-Kutub, 1983.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Charles. 1959a. ‘Diglossia’, Word, 15: 325–40.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Charles. 1959b. ‘The Arabic Koine’, Language, 35: 616–30.Google Scholar
Fischer, Wolfdietrich. 1961. ‘Die Sprache der arabischen Sprachinsel in Uzbekistan’, Der Islam, 36: 232–263.Google Scholar
Fischer, Wolfdietrich. (ed.) 1982a. Grundriss der Arabischen Philologie, Bd. l: Spachwissenschaft. Wiesbaden: Reichert.Google Scholar
Fischer, Wolfdietrich 1982b. ‘Frühe Zeugnisse des Neuarabischen’, in Fischer (1982a), 83–94.Google Scholar
Fischer, Wolfdietrich. 1995. ‘Zum Verhältnis der neuarabischen Dialekte zum Klassisch-Arabischen’, in Harviainen etal. (1995), 75–86.Google Scholar
Fischer, Wolfdietrich and Otto, Jastrow. 1980. Handbuch der arabischen Dialekte. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Fleisch, Henri. 1974 (2nd ed.). Études d/arabe dialectal. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq.Google Scholar
Mück, Johann. 1950. Arabiya. Berlin: Akadamie Verlag.Google Scholar
Garbell, Irene. 1958. ‘Remarks on the historical phonology of an East Mediterranean Arabic dialect’, Word, 14: 303–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenberg, Joseph. 1978 (2nd ed.). ‘Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements’, in Joseph, Greenberg (ed.), Universals of language, Cambridge: MIT Press, 73–113.Google Scholar
Gordon, Cyrus. 1965. A Ugaritic textbook. Rome: Pontificum Institutum Biblicum.Google Scholar
Harviainen, Tapani etal. (ed.). 1995. Dialectologia Arabica. Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Society.Google Scholar
Hetzron, Robert. 1976a. ‘The Agaw languages’, Afroasiatic Linguistics, 3: 31–75.Google Scholar
Hetzron, Robert. 1976b. ‘Two principles of genetic reconstruction’, Lingua, 38: 89–108.Google Scholar
Ingham, Bruce. 1994a. Najdi Arabic. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ingham, Bruce. 1994b. ‘The effect of language contact on the Arabic dialect of Afghanistan’ in Jordi, Aguadé, Federico, Corriente and Marina, Marugán (ed.), Adas del Congreso Intemacional sobre Interferencias Lingüisticas Arabo-Romances y Paralelos Extra-Iberos, Zaragoza: Navarro e Navarro, 105–18.Google Scholar
Ingham, Bruce. 1995. ‘Texts in the dialect of the Rwalah of northern Arabia’, in Harviainen etal. (1995), 121–140.Google Scholar
Kaye, Alan. 1976. Chadian and Sudanese Arabic in the light of comparative Arabic dialectology. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Khan, Geoffrey. 1988. Studies in Semitic Syntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Kofler, Hans. 1940. ‘Reste altarabischer Dialekte’, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, 47: 61–130.Google Scholar
Krumm, J. 1940. Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs in Suaheli. Berlin.Google Scholar
Levin, Aryeh. 1985. ‘The syntactic technical term al-mabniyy 'alayhi’, Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 6: 299–352.Google Scholar
Levin, Aryeh. 1989. ‘What is meant by 'Akalūnī l-Barāghīthu’, Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, 12: 40–65.Google Scholar
Macuch, Rudolph. 1982. Grammatik des samaritanischen Aramäisch. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Mahdi, Muhsin (ed). 1984. One Thousand and One Nights. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Moscati, Sabatino. 1958. ‘On Semitic case endings’, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 17: 142–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moscati, Sabatino, Spitaler, Anton, Ullendorff, Edward and Soden, Wolfram Von. 1980 (2nd ed.). An introduction to the comparative grammar of the Semitic languages. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Noldeke, Theodor. 1910. Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft. Strassbourg: Trübner.Google Scholar
Owens, Jonathan. 1985. A grammar of Harar Oromo. Hamburg: Buske.Google Scholar
Owens, Jonathan. 1989. ‘Zur Pidginisierung und Kreolisierung im Arabischen’, Afrika und Übersee, 72: 91–107.Google Scholar
Owens, Jonathan. 1990. Early Arabic grammatical theory: heterogeneity and standardization. Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar
Owens, Jonathan. 1993a. ‘Nigerian Arabic in comparative perspective’, Sprache und Geschichte in Afrika, 14: 85–175.Google Scholar
Owens, Jonathan. 1993b. A grammar of Nigerian Arabic. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Owens, Jonathan. 1995. ‘Minority languages and Urban Norms’, Linguistics, 33: 305–58.Google Scholar
Petracek, Karel. 1988. Altägyptisch, Hamitosemitisch. Prague: Univerzita Karlova.Google Scholar
Rabin, Chaim. 1951. Ancient West Arabian. London: Taylor's Foreign Press.Google Scholar
Rabin, Chaim. 1955. ‘The beginnings of Classical Arabic’, Studia Islamica, 4: 19–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabin, Chaim. 1969. ‘The structure of the Semitic system of case endings’, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Semitic Studies. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 190–204.Google Scholar
Reichmuth, Stefan. 1983. Der arabische Dialekt der Shukriyya im Ostsudan. Hildesheim: Georg Olms.Google Scholar
Retsö, Jan. 1994. ‘‘I’rab in the forebears of modern Arabic dialects’, in Dominique, Caubet and Martine, Vanhove (ed.), Actes des premieres journees Internationales de dialectologie arabe de Paris. Paris: INALCO, 333–42.Google Scholar
Retsö, Jan. 1995. ‘Pronominal state in Colloquial Arabic: a diachronic attempt’, in Harviainen etal. (1995), 183–92.Google Scholar
Rossler, Otto. 1950. ‘Verbalbau und Verbalflexion in den semito-hamitischen Sprachen’, ZDMG, 100: 461–514.Google Scholar
Saeed, John. 1987. Somali reference grammar. Wheaton: Dunwoody Press.Google Scholar
Sasse, Hans-Jurgen. 1984. ‘Case in Cushitic, Semitic and Berber’, in James, Bynon (ed.), Current progress in Afroasiatic linguistics. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 111–26.Google Scholar
Sibawaih, Ibn 'Uthman. Al-Kitāb, ed. M., Derenbourg. Hildesheim: Georg Olms.Google Scholar
Spitaler, Anton. 1953. Review of Fück (1950), Bibliotheca Orientalis, 10: 144–8.Google Scholar
Tosco, Mauro. 1993. ‘On case marking in the Ethiopian language area’, in Atti delta 7 a Giornata di Studi Camito-Semitici e Indoeuropei. Milan.Google Scholar
Versteegh, Kees. 1984. Pidginization and creolization: the case of Arabic Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar
Versteegh, Kees. 1993a. ‘Leveling in the Sudan: from Arabic Creoles to Arabic dialect’, International Journal of the Sociology of Linguistics, 99: 65–80.Google Scholar
Versteegh, Kees. 1993b. Arabic grammar and Qur'ānic exegesis in early Islam. Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar
Versteegh, Kees and Michael, Carter (ed.). 1990. Studies in the history of Arabic grammar, II Amsterdam: Benjamins.Google Scholar
Voigt, Rainer. 1987. ‘The two prefix conjugations in East Cushitic, East Semitic and Chadic’, BSOAS, 50/2, 330–45.Google Scholar
Vollers, Karl. 1981 (2nd ed.). Volkssprache und Schriftsprache im altern Arabien. Amsterdam: APN Oriental Press.Google Scholar
Wolfram, sup. 1969. Grundriss der Akkadischen Grammatik. Rome: Pontificum Institutum Biblicum.Google Scholar
Weninger, Stefan. 1993. G∂'∂z. Munich: Lincom Europa.Google Scholar
Woidich, Manfred and Peter, Behnstedt. 1985. Die ägyptisch-arabischen Dialekte. Wiesbaden: Reichert.Google Scholar
Zaborski, Andrzej. 1995. ‘First person pronouns in Arabic in the light of Arabic and Hamito-Semitic dialectology’, in Harviainen etal. (ed.), 289–94.Google Scholar