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Early shortening of geminates with compensatory lengthening in Indo-Aryan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 December 2009

R. L. Turner
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Extract

Throughout the history of Indo-Aryan the tendency towards a particular sound-change might continue to be active over a long period of time, being manifested first in words of frequent use or lesser import or where other surrounding phonetic conditions favoured the change and subsequently appearing in particular areas throughout the general vocabulary.

Type
Articles and Notes and Communications
Information
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies , Volume 33 , Issue 1 , February 1970 , pp. 171 - 178
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies 1970

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References

1 Turner, , Some problems of sound-change in Indo-Aryan (Some problems), Poona, 1960, 27Google Scholar. Other abbreviations (apart from those for books and journals) as in Comparative dictionary of the Indo-Aryan languages (CDIAL).

2 Wijeratne, P. B. F., BSOAS, XII, 1, 1947, 163CrossRefGoogle Scholar; XIX, 3, 1957, 486.

3 Bloch, J., Indo-Aryan from the Vedas to modern times, trans. Master, A., 91–2Google Scholar; Turner, , BSOAS, XXX, 1, 1967, p. 73, n. 7CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

4 Grammatih der Prakrit-Sprachen (Gr. Ph.), p. 60, § 64.

5 Turner, , BSOAS, XXX, 1, 1967, 74Google Scholar.

6 Geiger, , Pali Literatur und Sprache (PLS), 43Google Scholar.

7 Mayrhofer, , Handbuch des Pali (HPa.), 43Google Scholar.

8 This and similar figures refer to head-words in CDIAL.

9 Turner, , BSOAS, XXX, 1, 1967, 73–82CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

10 Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 40, p. 44Google Scholar. Meillet uses the word explosion for the mouvement de réouverture as applying to sibilants and sonants as well as to stops (Introduction à l'étude comparative des langues indo-européennes, sixth ed. (Introduction), 97). The adjective ‘unexploded’ is applied to those sounds which have lost this mouvement de réouverture.

11 Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 285a β, p. 337Google Scholar.

12 Turner, , in Indo-Iranica: mélanges Morgenstierne, Wiesbaden, 1964, 176Google Scholar.

13 Ai. Gr., I, § 236a, p. 272.

14 cf. Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 34b, p. 38Google Scholar; Allen, , Sandhi, 71Google Scholar.

15 Gr. Pk., § 90, pp. 77–8.

16 HPa., § 81, p. 43.

17 PLS, § 6, p. 43.

18 Mayrhofer, , EWA, I, 111 and 254Google Scholar.

19 Gauthiot, , La fin de mot, 91Google Scholar; Meillet, , Introduction, 107Google Scholar; Varma, S., Critical studies in the phonetic observations of Indian grammarians, 137 and 140Google Scholar, where the sound is defined as pīdīta (Meillet's écrasé) and hīnaśvāsa.

20 Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 285a β, p. 337Google Scholar.

21 NTS, XX, 1965, 231Google Scholar.

22 Ai. Gr., I. § 285a β, p. 337.

23 Wackernagel, Ai. Gr., loc. cit., following Brugmann and Bartholomae.

24 Sandhi, pp. 74–5, n. 17.

25 Turner, , Some problems, 32Google Scholar.

26 External sandhi dvi-bárha-jman <°barhaj-jman <*barhaz-jman∼ dvi-bárhas- (Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 285b β, p. 339)Google Scholaras in internal, e.g. usádbhih (ibid., § 155a, p. 179).

27 Am. J Phil., III, 1882, 32aGoogle Scholar, quoted by Wackernagel, Ai. Gr., i, § 285a β, p. 337, apparently with approval.

28 Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 284b, p. 335Google Scholar; Macdonell, Vedic grammar, § 79 ib, p. 72.

29 cf. Allen, , Sandhi, 70Google Scholar.

30 Geiger, , PLS, § 6, p. 43Google Scholar; Pischel, , Gr. Pk., § 76, p. 68Google Scholar.

31 Turner, , Some problems, 13 ffGoogle Scholar.

32 ibid., 47.

33 BSBU, 95.

34 Wackernagel, , Ai. Gr., I, § 278e, p. 329Google Scholar.

35 Geiger, , PLS, § 49, p. 62Google Scholar.

36 Publications de l'École Française d'Extrême-Orient, XIX, 1925, 37–47Google Scholar.

37 EVP, p. 91, s.v. wrižē.

38 Bloch, , BSL, XXXI, 2, 1931, 62Google Scholar; IEW, 907; CDIAL, 12842, wrongly <saṁkhyāti.

39 Pischel, , Gr. Ph., § 65, p. 60Google Scholar.

40 The Piśāca languages, 78.

41 La langue marathe, 335.

42 EWA, I, 332.

43 Pischel, , Gr. Pk., § 65, p. 60Google Scholar.

44 As illustrated in Grierson, , Bihar peasant life, opposite p. 74Google Scholar.

45 PLS, § 142, p. 120.