Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T17:10:13.990Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

About the phonetic value of the Middle Korean grapheme Δ

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2009

Alexander Vovin
Affiliation:
University of Michigan

Extract

The problem concerning the phonetic value of the Middle Korean (MK) Grapheme Δ is one of the most troublesome in the study of Korean historical phonology. There are several hypotheses about the phonetic value of this grapheme, its phonemic status, and origin.

The most widespread and more or less generally accepted theory proposes that MK Δ was a voiced fricative [z] which appeared as the result of the lenition of phoneme /s/ in the intervocalic and post-sonorant positions, since Δ is found in these positions in the overwhelming majority of cases (Yi Kimun 1987, 30) and (Ramsey, 1978: 33). Thus, this point of view denies the phonemic status of Δ, representing it as an allophone of /s/.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baxter, W. H. 1989. A handbook of Old Chinese phonology, vols. I-II. Draft version.Google Scholar
Cho, Seung-Bok. 1967. A phonological study of Korean. (Studia Uralica et Altaica Upsaliensa, No 2.) Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.Google Scholar
Choy, Hakkun. 1978. Hankwuk pangen sacen. Seoul:Hyenmunsa.Google Scholar
Cihui, Hanyu Fangyan. 1964. Hanyu Fangyan Cihui. (Beijing Daxue Zhongguo Yuyan Wenxue xi Yuyanxue Jiaoyanshi bian.) Beijing: Wenzi Gaige Chubanshe.Google Scholar
Illich-Svitych, V. M. 1971. Opyt sravneniya nostraticheskikh yazykov, vol. I. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’.Google Scholar
Karlgren, B. 1957. ‘Grammata Serica Recensa’, Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, no. 29: 1332.Google Scholar
Kholodovich, A. A. 1986, I, n. Materialy po grammalike koreiskogo yazyka xv veka. i: Fonetika. Prilozheniya. n: Morfologiya. Prilozheniya. Moskva: Institut Vostokovedeniya.Google Scholar
Hyengkyu, Kim. 1974/1986. Hankwuk pangen yenkwu. Seoul: Sewul Tayhakkyo Chwulphanpu.Google Scholar
King, J. R. P. and Vovin, A. 1989–90. Unpublished Held materials on the Korean dialects of the USSR (‘Soviet Korean’).Google Scholar
Rong, Li. 1952. Qieyun yinxi. Beijing: Zhongguo kexueyuan.Google Scholar
Martin, S. E. 1954. Korean morphophonemics. Baltimore: Linguistic Society of America.Google Scholar
Martin, S. E. 1966. ‘Lexical evidence relating Korean to Japanese’, Language, 42/2: 185251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, S. E. 1982. ‘On the consonant distinctions of earlier Korean’, Hankul, 175: 59172.Google Scholar
Martin, S. E. 1987. The Japanese language through time. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Kwangwu, Nam. 1960. ‘W, Δ umka’, in Chwungtay nonmun-cip. Cit. according to: 1Yu Changton, Kwuk.e pyenchen-sa. Thongmunkwan, 1961/1980, 54.Google Scholar
Polivanov, E. D. 1927/1968. ‘K voprosu o rodstvennykh otnosheniyakh koreiskogo i “altaiskikh” yazykov’, in E. D. Polivanov, Stat'i po obshchemu yazykoznaniyu. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’.Google Scholar
Pulleyblank, E. G. 1962. ‘The consonantal system of Old Chinese’, Asia Major, New Series, ix/l: 57144.Google Scholar
Ramsey, S. R. 1978. Accent and morphology in Korean dialects. (Kuk.ehak Chongse, No. 9.) Seoul: Thap Chwulphan-sa.Google Scholar
Ramsey, S. R. 1986. ‘Proto-Korean and the origin of Korean accent’. Paper presented to the Asian Linguistics Colloquium, University of Washington, Seattle, November 21, 1986. Draft version.Google Scholar
Rasanen, M. 1969. Versuch eines Etymologisches Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen. (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae, xvn, 1.) Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura.Google Scholar
Serebrennikov, B. A. and Gadzhieva, N. Z. 1986. Sravmtel'no-istoricheskaya grammatika tyurkskikh yazykov. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’.Google Scholar
SSTM, I, ll. 1975, 1977. Sravnitel'nyi slovar' tunguso-man'chzhurskikh yazykov. Vols. I and II. Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’.Google Scholar
Starostin, S. A. 1986. ‘Problema geneticheskoi obshchnosti altaiskikh yazykov’, in Islorikokul'turnye kontakty narodov altaiskoi yazykovoi obshchnosti. Tezisy XXIX sessii PIAC, II, 104–12.Google Scholar
Starostin, S. A. 1989. Rekonstruktsiya drevnekitaiskoi phonologicheskoi sistemy. Moskva: Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’.Google Scholar
Tsintsius, V. I. 1949. Sravnitel'naya fonetika tunguso-man'chzhurskikh yazykov. Leningrad: Uchebno-pedagogicheskoe Izdatel'stvo.Google Scholar
Tsintsius, V. I. 1984. ‘Etimologii altaiskikh leksem s aniautnymi pridykhatel'nymi smychnymi gubno-gubnym *p' i zadneyazychnym *k'’, in V. I., Tsintsius, L. V., Dmitrieva (ed.), Altaiskie elimologii. Leningrad: Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’: 17129.Google Scholar
Whitman, J. B. 1985. ‘The phonological basis for the comparison of Japanese and Korean’. Ph.D. dissertation. Harvard University.Google Scholar
Yakhontov, S. E. 1980. ‘Pekinskoe proiznoshenie xi v’, in S. E., Yakhontov, I. T., Zograf, N. V., Solntseva (ed.) Razyskaniya po obshchemu i kitaiskomu yazykoznaniyu. Moskva: 3542.Google Scholar
1Kimun, Yi. 1961/1987. Kwuk.e-sa kaysel. Seoul: Thap Chwulphan-sa.Google Scholar
1Kimun, Yi. 1987. Kuk.e um.wun-sa yenkwu. (Kwuk.ehak chongse, No. 3). Seoul: Thap Chwulphan-sa.Google Scholar
1Swugnyeng, Yi. 1961/1985. Cwungsey kwuk.e mun.pep. Seoul: Ul.yu Mun.hwa-sa.Google Scholar
1Changton, Yi. 1964/1987. Icoe sacen. Seoul: Yensey Takhakkyo Chwulphan-pu.Google Scholar