Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T04:41:02.472Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Spatial and temporal distribution of tsetse fly trap catches at Nguruman, southwest Kenya

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

A. Odulaja ,
J. Baumgärtner ,
S. Mihok  and
I.M. Abu-Zinid
A. Odulaja*
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
J. Baumgärtner
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
S. Mihok
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
I.M. Abu-Zinid
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), PO Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
*
*Fax: 254 2 860110 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Spatial and temporal dynamics of rapidly growing populations of tsetse flies at Nguruman, southwest Kenya during 1993–1995, were investigated, following six years of intensive population suppression with traps over a c. 100 km2area. The two tsetse species present were randomly distributed in the short rainy season, but were aggregated in the dry and long rainy seasons. Maximum temperature was the dominant weather factor associated with the degree of aggregation. Trends in catches at 20 fixed sites along an 18 km north–south axis were weakly correlated between locations, possibly representing population sub-structuring. In particular, trends in population change were poorly correlated between the area with a long history of trapping suppression in the south and the area with a more recent history of suppression in the north. On a micro-geographic scale, correlations among paired trap catches were clearly related to geographical proximity for Glossina pallidipes Austen (r2 = 0.55); whereas this relationship was quite weak for Glossina longipennis Corti (r2 = 0.12). Positive correlations among trap catches were significant for sites separated by less than c. 3.8 km (G. pallidipes) or 4.8 km (G. longipennis). These results suggest the existence of different population substructures in the two species on a relatively small geographic scale.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 91 , Issue 3 , June 2001 , pp. 213 - 220
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Brightwell, R., Dransfield, R.D. & Kyorku, C. (1991) Development of low-cost tsetse trap and odour baits for Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis in Kenya. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 5, 153–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brightwell, R., Dransfield, R.D. & Williams, B.G. (1992) Factors affecting seasonal dispersal of the tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes and G. longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) at Nguruman, south-west Kenya. Bulletin of Entomological Research 82, 167–182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brightwell, R., Dransfield, R.D., Stevenson, P. & Williams, B. (1997) Changes over twelve years in populations of Glossina pallidipes and Glossina longipennis (Diptera: Glossinidae) subject to varying trapping pressure at Nguruman, south-west Kenya. Bulletin of Entomological Research 87, 349–370.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cliff, A.D. & Ord, J.K. (1981) Spatial processes: models and applications. 206 pp. London, Pion Ltd.Google Scholar
Dransfield, R.D., Brightwell, R., Kyorku, C. & Williams, B. (1990) Control of tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) populations using traps at Nguruman, south-west Kenya. Bulletin of Entomological Research 80, 265–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H. (1994) Bait methods for tsetse fly control. Advances in Parasitology 34, 229–291.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leak, S.G.A. (1996) Use of insecticide-impregnated targets for the control of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) and trypanosomiasis occurring in cattle in an area of southwest Ethiopia with a high prevalence of drug-resistant trypanosomes. Tropical Medicine and International Health 1, 599–609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liebhold, A.M. & Sharov, A.A. (1998) Testing for correlations in the presence of spatial autocorrelation in insect count data. pp. 111–117 in Baumgärtner, J., Brandmayr, P. & Manly, B.F.J. (Eds) Population and community ecology for insect management and conservation. Rotterdam, Balkema.Google Scholar
Muzari, M.O. & Hargrove, J.W. (1996) The design of target barriers for tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 86, 579–583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nestel, D. & Klein, M. (1995) Geostatistical analysis of leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) colonization and spread in deciduous orchards. Environmental Entomology 25, 1032–1039.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odulaja, A., Mihok, S. & Abu-Zinid, I.M. (1998) The magnitude of site and time interaction effect in tsetse fly trap catches. Bulletin of Entomological Research 88, 59–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, J.N., Macaulay, E.D.M. & Emmett, B.J. (1981) Phenological and geographical relationships between catches of pea moth in sex-attractant traps. Annals of Applied Biology 97, 17–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, J.N., Winder, L., Holland, J.M. & Alston, R.D. (1999) Red-blue plots for detecting clusters in count data. Ecology Letters 2, 106–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rossi, R.E., Mulla, D.J., Journel, A.G. & Franz, E.H. (1992) Geostatistical tools for modelling and interpreting ecological spatial dependence. Ecological Monographs 62, 277–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stinner, R.E., Barfield, C.S., Stimac, J.L. & Dohse, L. (1983) Dispersal and movement of insect pests. Annual Review of Entomology 28, 319–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, M.P. & Carpenter, T.E. (2000) Techniques for analysis of disease clustering in space and in time in veterinary epidemiology. Preventive Veterinary Medicine 45, 257–284.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wartenberg, D. (1989) SAAP – a spatial autocorrelation analysis program. Department of Environmental and Community Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.Google Scholar
Williams, B., Dransfield, R. & Brightwell, R. (1990) Monitoring tsetse fly populations. I. The intrinsic variability of trap catches of Glossina pallidipes at Nguruman, Kenya. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 4, 167–179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, B., Brightwell, R. & Dransfield, R. (1990) Monitoring tsetse fly populations. II. The effect of climate on trap catches of Glossina pallidipes. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 4, 181–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williams, B., Dransfield, R. & Brightwell, R. (1992) The control of tsetse flies in relation to fly movement and trapping efficiency. Journal of Applied Ecology 29, 163–179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar