Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T06:13:23.611Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Some factors affecting eclosion of Glossina morsitans Westw. from pupae

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

G. J. Dean ,
F. Wilson  and
S. Wortham
G. J. Dean
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Unit, University College of Rhodesia*
F. Wilson
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Unit, University College of Rhodesia*
S. Wortham
Affiliation:
Tsetse Research Unit, University College of Rhodesia*
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Observations on biological variablity of pupae of G. morsitans Westw. collected in the field, and effect on eclosion of the adult fly due to temperature, light and gamma-radiation are reported.

The homogeneity of eclosion from wild pupae varied during the year owing to variations in pupal viability. Emergence was lower in the warmer months September to December than in the cooler ones, May to August, and in one season low eclosion rates were connected with a high proportion of runts, although another analysis revealed no correlation.

Gamma-radiation redused eclosin by killing all pupae treated during their first ten days after larviposition. MOrtality of male pupae was increased by irradiation between the 15th and 13th day of pupal life, while eclosion was apparently normal with treatments given between the 16th and 29th day. Weight losses indicated that five- to ten-day-old pupae possibly did not die before the 30th day after larviposition while younger pupae containing fourth-instar larvae at the time of treatment were killed either immediately or by the 15th day.

Diurnal emergence from wild pupae in the laboratory showed a peak during the afternoon (1400–1730 hr.) which was not affected by light or gamma-radiation. In the field, eclosion occurred primarily between 15° and 27°C. and was apparently inhibited by higher and lower temperatures. Relative humidity did not appear to be involved in the timing of emergence.

Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 58 , Issue 2 , November 1968 , pp. 367 - 378
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1968

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bursell, E. (1957a). The effect of humidity on the activity of tsetse flies.—J. exp. Biol. 34 pp. 42–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bursell, E. (1957b). Spiracular control of water loss in the tsetse fly.—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (A) 32 pp. 21–29.Google Scholar
Bursell, E. (1958). The water balance of tsetse pupae.—Phil. Trans. R. Soc. (B) 241 no. 680 pp. 179–210.Google Scholar
Bursell, E. (1959). The water balance of tsetse flies.—Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 111 pp. 205–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bursell, E. (1960). The effect of temperature on the consumption of fat during pupal development in Glossina.—Bull. ent. Res. 51 pp. 583–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buxton, P.A. (1955). The natural history of tsetse flies.—Mem. Lond. Sch. Hyg. trop. Med. no. 10, 816 pp. London, H. K. Lewis.Google Scholar
Buxton, P.A. & Lewis, D.J. (1934). Climate and tsetse flies: laboratory studies upon Glossina submorsitans and tachinoides.—Phil. Trans. R. Soc. (B) 224 pp. 175–240.Google Scholar
Dean, G. J. W. & Wortham, S. (in press). Effect of gamma-radiation on the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans Westwood.—Bull. ent. Res.Google Scholar
Finney, D.J. (1952). Probit analysis.—318 pp. Cambridge, Univ. Pr.Google Scholar
Geigy, R. (1948). Elevage de Glossina palpalis.—Acta trop. 5 pp. 201–218.Google ScholarPubMed
Glasgow, J.P. (1963). The distribution and abundance of tsetse.—Int. Ser. Monogr. Pure appl. Biol. Zool. Div. 20, 241 pp. Oxford, Pergamon Pr.Google Scholar
Jack, R.W. (1939). Studies in the physiology and behaviour of Glossina morsitans, Westw.—Mem. Dep. Agric. S. Rhod. no. 1, 203pp.Google Scholar
Jack, R.W. & Williams, W.L. (1937). The effect of temperature on the reaction of Glossina morsitans Westw. to light. A preliminary note.—Bull. ent. Res. 28 pp. 499–503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macleod, J. (1957). [Discussion on some effects of gamma-rays on tsetse pupae.]—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond. (C) 22 p. 9.Google Scholar
Potts, W.H. (1933). Observations on Glossina morsitans, Westw., in East Africa.—Bull. ent. Res. 24 pp. 293–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potts, W.H. (1958). Sterilization of tsetse-flies (Glossina) by gamma-irradiation.—Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit. 52 pp. 484–499.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Snedecor, G.W. (1961). Statistical methods.—Iowa St. Coll. Pr.Google Scholar
Vanderplank, F.L. (1948). Studies on the behaviour of the tsetse-fly, Glossina pallidipes, in the field: influence of climatic factors on activity.—J. Anim. Ecol. 17 pp. 245–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar