Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:51:14.988Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Oxidative interactions between the spotted alfalfa aphid (Therioaphis trifolii maculata) (Homoptera: Aphididae) and the host plant Medicago sativa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

Y. Jiang
Y. Jiang*
Affiliation:
Waite Agricultural Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, Australia
*
Dr Y. Jiang, Residue Section, National Registration Authority for Agricultural Chemicals, PO Box E240, Queen Victoria Terrace, ACT 2600, Australia.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Salivary oxidation has been hypothesized as a possible means by which spotted alfalfa aphid (Therioaphis trifolii maculata (Buckton)) deals with deleterious phenolics in the susceptible host plant, lucerne (Medicago sativa). In this study, some basic questions about this hypothesis were examined. Constitutive flavonoids and a crude phenolic extract from lucerne leaves were shown to be deterrent to the aphid in a choice test. Phenolics were oxidized by phenoloxidase in the saliva of the aphid. Fresh sap expressed from aphid-infested, oxidatively-reactive leaves was phagostimulatory to the aphid, compared to that from non-infested healthy leaves. Oxidative reaction was responsible for at least part of the phagostimulation, since addition of ascorbic acid into the sap deleted the phagostimulatory activity. Ascorbic acid was itself not deterrrent and its titre decreased in leaves after aphid feeding. The results provide further information on the Oxidative interaction between spotted alfalfa aphid and lucerne plants and support the previous suggestion that oxidation of phenolics and anti-oxidation by reductants affects feeding activity of this aphid.

Type
Review Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 86 , Issue 5 , October 1996 , pp. 533 - 540
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Backheet, E. Y., Emara, K.M., Askal, H.F. & Saleh, G.A. (1991) Selective spectrophotometric method for the determination of ascorbic acid in pharmaceutical preparations and fresh fruit juices. Analyst 116, 861–865.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barz, W. & Koester, J. (1981) Turnover and degradation of secondary (natural) products, pp. 35–84in Sumpf, R.K. & Conn, E.E. (Eds) The biochemistry of plants vol. 7: Secondary plant products. New York, Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradley, D.J., Kjellbom, P. & Lamb, C.J. (1992) Elicitor- and wound-induced oxidative cross-linking of a proline-rich plant cell wall protein: a novel, rapid defense response. Cell 70, 21–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Castillo, F.J. & Greppin, H. (1988) Extracellular ascorbic acid and enzyme activities related to ascorbic acid metabolism in Sedum album L. leaves after ozone exposure. Environmental and Experimental Botany 28, 231–238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, R. F. (1995) Regulatory mechanisms of insect feeding. Chapman & Hall, London.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dalkin, K., Edwards, R., Edington, B. & Dixon, R.A. (1990) Stress responses in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) 1. Induction of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and hydrolytic enzymes in elicitor-treated cell suspension cultures. Plant Physiology 92, 440–446.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davies, A.M., Newby, V.K. & Synge, R.L.M. (1978) Bound quinic acid as a measure of coupling of leaf and sunflowerseed proteins with chlorogenic acid congeners: loss of availability of lysine. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 29, 33–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dreyer, D.L. & Jones, K.C. (1981) Feeding deterrency of flavonoids and related phenolics towards Schizaphis graminum and Myzus persicae: aphid feeding deterrents in wheat. Phytochemistry 20, 2489–2493.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Girousse, C., Bonnemain, J.-L., Delrot, S. & Bournoville, R. (1991) Sugar and amino acid composition of phloem sap of Medicago sativa: a comparative study of two collecting methods. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 29, 41–48.Google Scholar
Isman, M.B. (1992) A physiological perspective, pp. 156–178in Roidberg, B.D. & Isman, M.B. (Eds) Insect-chemical ecology. An evolutionary approach. New York & London, Chapman & Hall.Google Scholar
Jiang, Y. & Miles, P.W. (1993) Responses of a compatible lucerne variety to attack by spotted alfalfa aphid: changes in redox balance in affected tissues. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 67, 263–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Joerdens-Roettger, D. (1979) The role of phenolic substances for host-selection behaviour of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 26, 49–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, K.J. & Seib, P.A. (1982) Ascorbic acid and the growth and development of insects, pp. 275–291in Seib, P.A. & Tolbert, B.M. (Eds) Ascorbic acid: chemistry, metabolism, and uses. American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loewus, F.A. & Loewus, M.W. (1987) Biosynthesis and metabolism of ascorbic acid in plants. CRC Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 5, 101–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Loper, G.M. (1968) Effect of aphid infestation on the coumestrol content of alfalfa varieties differing in aphid resistance. Crop Science 8, 104–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madhusudhan, V.V. & Miles, P.W. (1993) Detection of enzymes secreted in the sativa of the spotted alfalfa aphid, Therioaphis trifolii (Monell) f. maculata (Hemiptera: Aphididae). pp. 333–334in Corey, S.A., Dall, D.J. & Milne, W.M. (Eds) Pest control and sustainable agriculture. CSIRO, Australia.Google Scholar
Miles, P.W. (1968) Insect secretions in plants. Annual Review of Phytopathology 6, 137–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miles, P.W. (1990) Aphid salivary secretions and their involvement in plant toxicoses. pp. 131–147in Campbell, R.K. & Eikenbary, R.D. (Eds) Aphid-plant genotype interactions. Amsterdam, Elsevier.Google Scholar
Miles, P.W. & Harrewijn, P. (1991) Discharge by aphids of soluble secretions into dietary sources. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 59, 123–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miles, P.W. & Oertli, J.J. (1993) The significance of antioxidants in the aphid-plant interaction: the redox hypothesis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 67, 275–283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neupane, F.P. & Norris, D.M. (1992) Antioxidant alteration of Glycine max (Fabaceae) defensive chemistry: analogy to herbivory elicitation. Chemoecology 3, 25–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newby, V.K., Sablon, R.-M., Synge, R.L.M., Casteele, K.V. & Van Sumere, C.F. (1980) Free and bound phenolic acids of lucerne (Medicago sativa cv Europe). Phytochemistry 19, 651–657.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielson, M.W. & Don, H. (1974) Probing behaviour of biotypes of the spotted alfalfa aphid on resistant and susceptible alfalfa clones. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 17, 477–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peng, Z. & Miles, P.W. (1988) Acceptability of catechin and its oxidative condensation products to the rose aphid, Macrosiphum rosae. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 47, 255–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perez-Ilzarbe, J., Hernandez, T. & Estrella, I. (1991) Phenolic compounds in apples: varietal differences. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel Untersuchung und Forschung 192, 551–554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, J.P. & Goddall, D.W. (1968) Relationship in annual species of Medicago. VI. Two dimensional chromatography of the phenolics of the results by probabilistic similarity methods. Australian Journal of Botany 16, 89–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Takahama, U. & Oniki, T. (1992) Regulation of peroxidasedependent oxidation of phenolics in the apoplast of spinach leaves by ascorbic acid. Plant Cell Physiology 33, 379–387.Google Scholar
Terra, W.R. (1990) Evolution of digestive systems of insects. Annual Review of Entomology 35, 181–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiller, S.A., Parry, A.D. & Edwards, R. (1994) Changes in the accumulation of flavonoid and isoflavonoid conjugates associated with plant age and nodulation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Physiologia Plantarum 91, 27–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, D.A. (1980) Preparation of higher plant chloroplasts. Methods in Enzymology 69, 95–104.Google Scholar