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Olfactory response of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to volatiles induced by transgenic maize

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2021

P. T. Nascimento Open the ORCID record for P. T. Nascimento [Opens in a new window] ,
M. A. M. Fadini Open the ORCID record for M. A. M. Fadini [Opens in a new window] ,
M. S. Rocha Open the ORCID record for M. S. Rocha [Opens in a new window] ,
C. S. F. Souza Open the ORCID record for C. S. F. Souza [Opens in a new window] ,
B. A. Barros Open the ORCID record for B. A. Barros [Opens in a new window] ,
J. O. F. Melo Open the ORCID record for J. O. F. Melo [Opens in a new window] ,
R. G. Von Pinho Open the ORCID record for R. G. Von Pinho [Opens in a new window]  and
F. H. Valicente Open the ORCID record for F. H. Valicente [Opens in a new window]
P. T. Nascimento*
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
M. A. M. Fadini
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei – UFSJ, São João del-Rei, Brasil
M. S. Rocha
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei – UFSJ, São João del-Rei, Brasil
C. S. F. Souza
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
B. A. Barros
Affiliation:
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, Brasil
J. O. F. Melo
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei – UFSJ, São João del-Rei, Brasil
R. G. Von Pinho
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
F. H. Valicente
Affiliation:
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, Brasil
*
Author for correspondence: P. T. Nascimento, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Plants not only respond to herbivorous damage but adjust their defense system after egg deposition by pest insects. Thereby, parasitoids use oviposition-induced plant volatiles to locate their hosts. We investigated the olfactory behavioral responses of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to volatile blends emitted by maize (Zea mays L.) with singular and stacked events after oviposition by Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, 1797 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) moths. Additionally, we examined possible variations in gene expression and on oviposition-induced volatiles. We used a Y-tube olfactometer to test for the wasp responses to volatiles released by maize plants oviposited by S. frugiperda and not-oviposited plants. Using the real-time PCR technique (qRT-PCR), we analyzed the expression of lipoxygenase and three terpene synthases genes, which are enzymes involved in the synthesis of volatile compounds that attract parasitoids of S. frugiperda. Olfactometer tests showed that T. pretiosum is strongly attracted by volatiles from transgenic maize emitted by S. frugiperda oviposition (VTPRO 3, more than 75% individuals were attracted). The relative expression of genes TPS10, LOX e STC was higher in transgenic hybrids than in the conventional (isogenic line) hybrids. The GC-MS analysis revealed that some volatile compounds are released exclusively by transgenic maize. This study provides evidence that transgenic hybrids enhanced chemical cues under oviposition-induction and helped to increase T. pretiosum efficiency in S. frugiperda control. This finding shows that among the evaluated hybrids, genetically modified hybrids can improve the biological control programs, since they potentialize the egg parasitoid foraging, integrating pest management.

Keywords

Egg parasitoidgenetic manipulationqRT-PCRtrait stackingtritrophic interaction
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 111 , Issue 6 , December 2021 , pp. 674 - 687
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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