Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T18:39:17.894Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Mosquitos of Liberia (Diptera: Culicidae), a general Survey

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

W. Peters
Affiliation:
Department of Health, Territory of Papua and New Guinea, Port Moresby

Extract

The results of a general mosquito survey of the Liberian hinterland are presented together with the findings of previous workers in this country.

Liberia is almost entirely in the Upper Guinean Forest region with an annual rainfall from over 140 in. on the coast to about 80 in. in the hinterland.

A list is given of all species recorded from Liberia.

A brief account is given of the distribution, bionomics and relation to malaria of the Anophelini, with some taxonomie notes. Thirteen species or forms of Anophelines are listed, of which ten were found in the hinterland as well as on the coast.

A summary of the distribution and bionomics of the Megarhinini and Culicini of Liberia is given, with the writer's field notes and those of earlier workers, and some taxonomic notes. Seventy one or 72 species or forms are included, of which 59 were found in the hinterland. If the first mention of some species in the two previous papers in this series be included, 41 additions to the Liberian list, three of them new species, have been made.

Type
Research Paper
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1956

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barber, M. A., Rice, J. B. & Brown, J. Y. (1932). Malaria studies of the Firestone rubber plantation in Liberia, West Africa.—Amer. J. Hyg., 15 pp. 601633.Google Scholar
Bequaert, J. (1930). Medical and economic entomology.—In Strong, R. P.Ed. The African Republic of Liberia and the Belgian Congo, 2, pp. 7971001. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard Univ. Pr.Google Scholar
Briscoe, M. S. (1948). Insect reconnaissance in Liberia, West Africa.—Psyche, 54, pp. 246255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briscoe, M. S. (1950). Field notes on mosquitoes collected in Liberia, West Africa.—Mosq. News, 10 pp. 1921.Google Scholar
Briscoe, M. S. (1952). The relation of insects and insect-borne diseases to the vegetation and environment in Liberia.—Ecology, 33 pp. 187214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapin, J. P. (1932). The birds of the Belgian Congo. Part I.—Bull. Amer. Mus. nat. Hist., 65 756 pp.Google Scholar
Chwatt, L. J. (1945 a). Studies on the melanic variety of Anopheles gambiae in southern Nigeria.—J. trop. Med. Hyg., 48, pp. 2230, 5155.Google Scholar
Chwatt, L. J. (1945 b). The morphology of the pharyngeal armature in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles gambiae var. melas from southern Nigeria.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 39 pp. 124128.Google Scholar
Chwatt, L. J. (1949). Aedes (Stegomyia) pseudoafricanus sp. nov.: a new species of Aedes from the coast of Nigeria (British West Africa).—Nature, Lond., 163 pp. 808809.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Meillon, B. (1947). The Anophelini of the Ethiopian geographical region.—Publ. S. Afr. Inst. med. Res., no. 49, 272 pp.Google Scholar
De Meillon, B. & Lavoipierre, M. (1944). New records and species of biting insects from the Ethiopian Region.—J. ent. Soc. sthn Afr., 7, pp. 3867.Google Scholar
De Meillon, B., Parent, M. & Black, L. O'C. (1945). Descriptions of new larvae and pupae of Ethiopian Culicini.—Bull. ent. Res., 36 pp. 85101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, F. W. (1941). Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. III. Culicine adults and pupae.—499 pp. London, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.).Google Scholar
Evans, A. M. (1932). Notes on African mosquitoes.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 26 pp. 85108.Google Scholar
Evans, A. M. (1938). Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. II. Anophelini, adults and early stages.—404 pp. London, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.).Google Scholar
Gelfand, H. M. (1954). The Anopheline mosquitoes of Liberia.—W. Afr. med. J., (N.S.) 3, pp. 8088.Google ScholarPubMed
Gelfand, H. M. (1955). Anopheles gambiae Giles and Anopheles melas Theobald in a coastal area of Liberia, West Africa.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 49 pp. 508527.Google Scholar
Gibbins, E. G. (1933). The domestic Anopheles mosquitoes of Uganda.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 27 pp. 1525.Google Scholar
Harley, G. W. (1939). Roads and trails in Liberia.—Geogr. Rev., 29 pp. 447460.Google Scholar
Holstein, M. H. (1952). Biologie d'Anopheles gambiae. Recherches en Afrique-Occidentale Française.—Monogr. Ser. World Hlth Org., no. 9, 176 pp.Google Scholar
Hopkins, G. H. E. (1952). Mosquitoes of the Ethiopian Region. I. Larval bionomics of mosquitoes and taxonomy of Culicine larvae.—2nd edn., 355 pp. London, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.).Google Scholar
Mattingly, P. F. (1952). The sub-genus Stegomyia (Diptera, Culicidae) in the Ethiopian Region. I. A preliminary study of the distribution of species occurring in the West African sub-region with notes on taxonomy and bionomics.—Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.), Ent. 2, pp. 235304.Google Scholar
Mattingly, P. F. (1953). The sub-genus Stegomyia (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Ethiopian Region. II. Distribution of species confined to the East and South African sub-region.—Bull. Brit. Mus. (nat. Hist.), Ent. 3, pp. 165.Google Scholar
Mattingly, P. F. & Chwatt, L. J. Bruce-. (1954). Morphology and bionomics of Aëdes (Stegomyia) pseudoafricanus Chwatt (Diptera, Culicidae), with some notes on the distribution of the subgenus Stegomyia in Africa.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 48, pp. 183193.Google Scholar
Thomson, Muirhead R. C. (1947). Recent knowledge about malaria vectors in West Africa and their control.—Trans. R. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 40 pp. 511536.Google Scholar
Thomson, Muirhead R. C. (1948). Studies on Anopheles gambiae and A. melas in and around Lagos.—Bull. ent. Res., 38 pp. 527558.Google Scholar
Muirhead, Thomson R. C. (1951). Mosquito behaviour in relation to malaria transmission and control in the tropics.—219 pp. London, Arnold.Google Scholar
Peters, W. (1955 a). The mosquitoes of Liberia (Diptera: Culicidae).—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., B 24 pp. 8190.Google Scholar
Peters, W. (1955 b). The mosquitoes of Liberia (Diptera: Culicidae).—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., B 24 pp. 117128.Google Scholar
Ribbands, C. R. (1944). Differences between Anopheles melas (A. gambiae var. melas) and Anopheles gambiae. I. The larval pecten. II. Salinity relations of larvae and maxillary palp banding of adult females.—Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 38 pp. 8586, 8799.Google Scholar
Schwab, G. (1947). Tribes of the Liberian hinterland.—Pap. Peabody Mus., 31 526 pp.Google Scholar
van Someren, E. C. C. (1949). Ethiopian Culicidae—Eretmapodites Theobald: description of four new species of the chrysogaster group with notes on the five known species of this group.—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., B 18, pp. 119129.Google Scholar
Van Someren, E. C. C. (1951). New Culicini from Kenya and Uganda.—Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., B 20 pp. 19.Google Scholar
Strong, R. P.Ed. (1930). The African Republic of Liberia and the Belgian Congo …. Volume I, pp. 1231. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard Univ. Pr.Google Scholar
Young, M. D. & Johnson, T. H. Jr., (1949). A malaria survey of Liberia.—J. nat. Malar. Soc., 8, pp. 247266.Google Scholar
Ziemann, H. R. P. (1902). Beitrag zur Anopheles-Fauna West-Afrikas. Vorläufige Mittheilung.—Arch. Schiffs- u. Tropenhyg., 6, pp. 360361.Google Scholar