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Metabolic strategies of male and female tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the field

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

D. J. Rogers  and
Sarah E. Randolph
D. J. Rogers
Affiliation:
Hope Deartment of Entomology, University Museum, Parks Road, Oxford, UK
Sarah E. Randolph
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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Abstract

A scattergram method was developed for explaining the variability in the levels of fat, residual blood-meals and residual dry weights (RDW) of field samples of Glossina. The pattern of changes in mean RDW and fat levels was shown to be similar for five species of Glossina (G. morsitans morsitans Westw., G. swynnertoni Aust., G. fuscipes fuscipes Newst., G. palpoiis palpalis (R.-D.) and G. tachinoides Westw.) but different for the two sexes. On the basis of previous laboratory and field work, a simple descriptive model is developed that suggests priority pathways during the life of the adult fly for the products of successive blood-meals. Initially, for tenerals of both sexes, the priority is to increase thoracic musculature (RDW) without excessive production of fat. Subsequently, male flies devote each blood-meal exclusively to the production of fat, an energy store used mainly for flight activity. Females show a gradual increase in both fat and RDW levels, which probably corresponds with the development of the larva in utero. Wing-fray measurements support this interpretation. During each pregnancy cycle, females accumulate a reserve of fat over and above that necessary for the production of each larva. This is apparently required at the end of each cycle when res piratory losses exceed the energy supply from blood-meals taken. Mean thaematin levels of the four larger species studied (G. morsirans, G. swynnertoni, G. fuscipes and G. palpails) also showed a consistent pattern of change during each pregnancy cycle. Females apparently feed once at the beginning of each cycle, once at a stage of pregnancy when the larva in utero is approaching the moult from the second to the third instar and finally during the middle of the third larval instar, when the meal may be quite small and repeated.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 68 , Issue 4 , December 1978 , pp. 639 - 654
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1978

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