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Key factors affecting the spring emergence of pea moth (Cydia nigricana)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2010

G. Thöming  and
H. Saucke
G. Thöming*
Affiliation:
Department of Ecological Plant Protection, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstrasse 1a, 37213Witzenhausen, Germany
H. Saucke
Affiliation:
Department of Ecological Plant Protection, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Nordbahnhofstrasse 1a, 37213Witzenhausen, Germany
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +49 (0)5542–98 1564 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The hypothesis that spring emergence of the pea moth Cydia nigricana is regulated by environmental factors, particularly photoperiod and temperature, was examined in this study. A long-term field study was conducted in two distinct pea-growing areas in Hesse and Saxony, Germany. Strong correlations between the flight phenology of pea moth in spring and air temperature, soil temperature, solar radiation and day length were demonstrated for three consecutive years. In laboratory experiments, we elucidated the interaction of different photoperiod-temperature regimes, verifying cumulative day-degree data in relation to pea moth emergence rates in the field. C. nigricana temperature sensitivity is apparently initiated by long day conditions with a critical day length of about 14 h L:D. The overall results contribute to the theory that photoperiod and temperature interact as regulatory cues for spring emergence of C. nigricana. The findings are discussed in terms of the development of predictive models and decision support systems for pea moth control.

Keywords

temperaturephotoperiodsolar radiationpost-diapauseLepidopteraTortricidae
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 101 , Issue 2 , April 2011 , pp. 127 - 133
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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