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Influence of crop management practices on bean foliage arthropods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 May 2010

J.L. Pereira ,
M.C. Picanço ,
E.J.G. Pereira ,
A.A. Silva ,
A. Jakelaitis ,
R.R. Pereira  and
V.M. Xavier
J.L. Pereira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil
M.C. Picanço
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil
E.J.G. Pereira*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Campus Rio Paranaíba, Rio Paranaíba, MG, 38810-000, Brazil
A.A. Silva
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil
A. Jakelaitis
Affiliation:
Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus de Urutaí, GO75790-000, Brazil
R.R. Pereira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil
V.M. Xavier
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Viçosa, 36571-000, Brazil
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: (+55) (34) 3855-9000 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Crop management practices can affect the population of phytophagous pest species and beneficial arthropods with consequences for integrated pest management. In this study, we determined the effect of no-tillage and crop residue management on the arthropod community associated with the canopy of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Abundance and species composition of herbivorous, detritivorous, predaceous and parasitoid arthropods were recorded during the growing seasons of 2003 and 2004 in Coimbra County, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Arthropod diversity and guild composition were similar among crop management systems, but their abundance was higher under no-tillage relative to conventional cultivation and where residues from the preceding crop were maintained in the field. Thirty-four arthropod species were recorded, and those most representative of the impact of the crop management practices were Hypogastrura springtails, Empoasca kraemeri and Circulifer leafhoppers, and Solenopsis ants. The infestation levels of major insect-pests, especially leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), was on average seven-fold lower under no-tillage with retention of crop residues relative to the conventional system with removal of residues, whereas the abundance of predatory ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and springtails (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) were, respectively, about seven- and 15-fold higher in that treatment. Importantly, a significant trophic interaction among crop residues, detritivores, predators and herbivores was observed. Plots managed with no-tillage and retention of crop residues had the highest bean yield, while those with conventional cultivation and removal of the crop residues yielded significantly less beans. This research shows that cropping systems that include zero tillage and crop residue retention can reduce infestation by foliar insect-pests and increase abundance of predators and detritivores, thus having direct consequences for insect pest management.

Keywords

no-tillageresidue managementPhaseolus vulgarisZea maysabundanceCollembolaSolenopsisleafhopperspath analysistrophic cascade
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 100 , Issue 6 , December 2010 , pp. 679 - 688
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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