Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:01:25.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The impact of yellow stem-borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on deepwater rice, with special reference to Bangladesh

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

Brian Taylor
Brian Taylor
Affiliation:
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Using several methods, claims that stem-borers, especially Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), cause serious crop loss in deepwater rice were tested in Bangladesh. Insecticides were used to control different borer broods. Early season, pre-flood applications reduced infestation, but did not affect yield. One to three mid- to late-season applications of monocrotophos at 250 g a.i./ha significantly reduced infestation and/or whitehead numbers, with yield savings (7-10%) similar to those which earlier workers obtained by applying diazinon 20 times in a season. In each of six years, tiller populations peaked before flooding, then steadily declined until harvest, but stem-borer infestation varied, remaining low until late season in two of the years. In 1981, infestation lower than 24% pre-flood and 42% at harvest did not affect yield. In 1982, eighty-four correlation calculations showed no consistent significant effects of infestation (27-60%, C.V. 40%) on yield (25 000 stems were dissected). Anatomical studies of elongated stems revealed S. incertulas feeding neither causes significant structural damage nor seriously interrupts nutrient flow; also, the passage of a larva through a nodal septum is not detrimental. Irrespective of stem-borer attack, the submerged lower internodes commonly die, the fibrous remains anchor the upper stem, and nodal roots take over nutrient uptake. Studies of panicle-bearing stems (n = 838) showed that, even with 97% stem infestation, most yield loss results from infestation of the terminal internode and is manifested predominantly as whiteheads. In a specific study, 94% whiteheads (n = 205) were associated with terminal internode infestation, where larval feeding in the narrow stem had disrupted food conduction, so preventing grain-filling. The apparent tolerance of S. incertulas by deepwater rice varieties is consistent with their being a primitive group of cultivated rices.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 78 , Issue 2 , June 1988 , pp. 209 - 225
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alam, S. (1975). Insect pests of deep-water rice in Bangladesh and their control.—pp. 194–198 in Proceedings of the International Seminar on Deep-Water Rice August 1974.—225 pp. Dhaka, Bangladesh Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Alim, A. & Zaman, H. (1958). Effect of mechanical uprooting on the yield of deep water Aman paddy.—Agriculture Pakist. 9, 337–339.Google Scholar
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (1974). Review of research in deep water rice in Bangladesh (1917–60).—127 pp. Dhaka, Bangladesh Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Catling, H. D. & Islam, Z. (1979). Stem borer incidence in the 1977 Bangladesh deepwater rice crop.—pp. 215–225 in Proceedings of the 1978 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—350 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Catling, H. D. & Islam, Z. (1982 a). Screening Bangladesh deepwater rices for yellow rice borer resistance.—pp. 443–449 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Catling, H. D. & Islam, Z. (1982 b). The problem of yellow rice borer in Asian deepwater rice.— pp. 451–458 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Catling, H. D., Islam, Z. & Alam, B. (1982). Stand density in deepwater rice and its relation to yielding ability in farmers' fields in Bangladesh.—pp. 179–188 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Catling, H. D., Islam, Z. & Pattrasudhi, R. (1987). Assessing yield losses in deepwater rice due to yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), in Bangladesh and Thailand.—Crop Prot. 6, 20–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Catling, H. D., Thornhill, E. W. & Islam, Z. (1980). A boat-mounted spray boom for deepwater rice.—Tropical Pest Management 26, 56–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chowdhury, M. A. & Zaman, S. M. H. (1970). Deep-water rice of East Pakistan.—pp. 1–20 presented at 13th International Rice Commission Session of FAO, Nov 30-Dec 5, 1970, Teheran.Google Scholar
Datta, S. K., Konar, D., Banerjee, P. K. & De, S. K. (1985). Effect of stem borer (SB) at different internodes of deep water rice.—Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 10 (3), 17.Google Scholar
Datta, S. K., Konar, D., De, S. K. & Banerjee, P. K. (1985). Stem injury in deep water rice as a guide for determining stem borer (SB) infestation at different growth stages.—Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 10 (5), 20–21.Google Scholar
De Datta, S. K. (1981). Principles and practices of rice production.—618 pp. New York, Wiley.Google Scholar
Francis, P. & Griffin, G. (1982). Crop establishment practices for deepwater rice in Bangladesh.— pp. 415–424 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Hutchings, M. (1983). Ecology's law in search of a theory.—New Scient. 98 (1362), 765–767.Google Scholar
Jackson, B. R., HilleRisLambers, D. & Prechachat, C. (1982). Development of deepwater rice varieties and breeding materials for south and southeast Asian countries.—pp. 19–28 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Sittiyos, P., Kupkanchanakul, K., Phumiphol, S. & Supapoj, N. (1982). Stand establishment for deepwater rice in Thailand.—pp. 387–392 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Tanaka, A. (1976). Comparisons of rice growth in different environments.—pp. 429–448 in Climate and rice.—565 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Taylor, B. (1984). Deepwater rice and yellow stem borer (YSB) larvae.—Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 9 (3), 21.Google Scholar
Taylor, B., Alam, Md. B. & Razzaque, Q. Md. A. (1982). Preliminary insecticide tests and observations for preflood control of yellow rice borer in deepwater rice.—pp. 475–487 in Rockwood, W. G. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 1981 International Deepwater Rice Workshop.—508 pp. Los Banos, Philippines, Int. Rice Res. Inst.Google Scholar
Taylor, B. & Islam, Z. (1984). Crop loss in deepwater rice caused by yellow stem borer (YSB).—Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 9 (3), 16–17.Google Scholar
Torii, T. (1971). The ecological studies of rice stem-borers in Japan: a review.—Mushi 45, 1–49.Google Scholar
Van Huynh, N., Ngoc Pho, N. & Trung Truc, N. (1986). Incidence of the yellow stem borer (YSB) on deep water rice in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam.—Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 11 (5), 35.Google Scholar