Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T03:17:52.106Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Host species critical for offspring fitness and sex ratio for an oligophagous parasitoid: implications for host coexistence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2010

J.A. Stenberg  and
P.A. Hambäck
J.A. Stenberg*
Affiliation:
Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE-750 07Uppsala, Sweden
P.A. Hambäck
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Stockholm University, SE-106 91Stockholm, Sweden
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +46-18672890 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In theory, inferior apparent competitors sharing a natural enemy with superior apparent competitors should be excluded in the absence of stabilising factors. Nevertheless, plentiful examples of coexisting apparent competitors exist. In this paper, we show that parasitoid resource competition within hosts affects both parasitoid sex ratio and female body size, with implication for population growth and apparent competition between the two closely related hosts experiencing a strong asymmetry in their interaction. While the superior competitor delivers parasitoids with higher fitness to the shared parasitoid pool, the inferior competitor delivers a higher proportion of female parasitoids. Hence, the inferior host experience an inflow of fit parasitoids from the superior competitor, which should increase the risk of exclusion, but also an outflow of parasitoid females, which should reduce the risk of exclusion and increase stability. We conclude that differential outcomes of parasitoid resource competition in different host species may have profound effects on shared parasitoid populations and should be included in future studies of apparent competition between hosts.

Keywords

clutch sizelife historyparasitismSkeppsvikGalerucella tenellaGalerucella calmariensisAsecodes mento
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 100 , Issue 6 , December 2010 , pp. 735 - 740
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Askew, R.R. & Viggiani, G. (1978) Two new species of Asecodes Foerster (Hym., Eulophidae) parasitic upon Galeruca spp. (Col., Chrysomelidae) in Italy. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria “Filippo Silvestri” 35, 43–48.Google Scholar
Bernal, J.S., Luck, R.F. & Morse, J.G. (1998) Sex ratios in field populations of two parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of Coccus hesperidum L. (Homoptera: Coccidae). Oecologia 116, 510–518.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bertschy, C., Turlings, T.C.J., Bellotti, A. & Dorn, S. (2000) Host stage preference and sex allocation in Aenasius vexans, an encyrtid parasitoid of the cassava mealybug. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 95, 283–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonsall, M.B. & Hassell, M.P. (1999) Parasitoid-mediated effects: Apparent competition and the persistence of host-parasitoid assemblages. Researches in Population Ecology 41, 59–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonsall, M.B. & Hassell, M.P. (2000) The effects of metapopulation structure on indirect interactions in host-parasitoid assemblages. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 267, 2207–2212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dolgin, M.M. (1979) Asecodes mento Walker (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae), a parasite of the water-lily beetle (Galerucella nymphaeae) in the Altai. Entomological Review 58, 145–147.Google Scholar
Godfray, H.C.J. (1994) Parasitoids: Behavioural and Evolutionary Ecology. Chichester, UK, Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Häckermann, J., Rott, A.S. & Dorn, S. (2007) How two different host species influence the performance of a gregarious parasitoid: host size is not equal to host quality. Journal of Animal Ecology 76, 376–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hambäck, P.A., Ågren, J. & Ericson, L. (2000) Associational resistance: Insect damage to purple loosestrife reduced in thickets of sweet gale. Ecology 81, 1784–1794.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hambäck, P.A. & Björkman, C. (2002) Estimating the consequences of apparent competition: A method for host-parasitoid interactions. Ecology 83, 1591–1596.Google Scholar
Hambäck, P.A., Stenberg, J.A. & Ericson, L. (2006) Asymmetric indirect interactions mediated by a shared parasitoid: connecting species traits and local distribution patterns for two chrysomelid beetles. Oecologia 148, 475–481.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hansson, C. (1996) The status of the genera Asecodes Förster, Ionympha Graham and Teleopterus Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Eulophida), with a review of Nearctic species. Entomologica Scandinavica 27, 159–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, J.A., Jervis, M.A., Gols, R., Jiang, N.Q. & Vet, L.E.M. (1999) Development of the parasitoid, Cotesia rubecula (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Pieris rapae and Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae): evidence for host regulation. Journal of Insect Physiology 45, 173–182.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvey, J.A. (2000) Dynamic effects of parasitism by an endoparasitoid wasp on the development of two host species: implications for host quality and parasitoid fitness. Ecological Entomology 25, 267–278.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hassell, M.P. (1978) The Dynamics of Arthropod Predator-Prey Systems. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press.Google ScholarPubMed
Hassell, M.P. (2000a) Host-parasitoid dynamics. Journal of Animal Ecology 69, 543–566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hassell, M.P. (2000b) The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Host-Parasitoid Interactions. Oxford, UK, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heimpel, G.E., Neuhauser, C. & Hoogendoorn, M. (2003) Effects of parasitoid fecundity and host resistance on indirect interactions among hosts sharing a parasitoid. Ecology Letters 6, 556–566.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hippa, H. & Koponen, S. (1984) Parasitism of larvae of Galerucini (Col., Chrysomelidae) by larvae of Asecodes mento (Hym., Eulophidae). Reports from the Kevo Subarctic Research Station 19, 63–65.Google Scholar
Holt, R.D. & Lawton, J.H. (1993) Apparent competition and enemy-free space in insect host-parasitoid communities. American Naturalist 142, 623–645.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hoogendoorn, M. & Heimpel, G.D. (2002) Indirect interactions between an introduced and a native ladybird beetle species mediated by a shared parasitoid. Biological Control 25, 224–230.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katovich, E.J.S., Becker, R.L. & Ragsdale, D.W. (1999) Effect of Galerucella spp. on survival of purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) roots and crowns. Weed Science 47, 360–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luhring, K.A., Millar, J.G., Paine, T.D., Reed, D. & Christiansen, H. (2004) Ovipositional preferences and progeny development of the egg parasitoid Avetianella longoi: factors mediating replacement of one species by a congener in a shared habitat. Biological Control 30, 382–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mackauer, M. & Chau, A. (2001) Adaptive self superparasitism in a solitary parasitoid wasp: the influence of clutch size on offspring size. Functional Ecology 15, 335–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nicholson, A.J. & Bailey, V.A. (1935) The balance of animal populations. Part I. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 3, 551–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ode, P.J. (2006). Plant chemistry and natural enemy fitness: effects of herbivore and natural enemy interactions. Annual Review of Entomology 51, 163–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pandey, S. & Singh, R. (1999) Host size induced variation in progeny sex ratio of an aphid parasitoid Lysiphlebia mirzai. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 90, 61–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stenberg, J.A., Witzell, J. & Ericson, L. (2006) Tall herb herbivory resistance reflects historic exposure to leaf beetles in a boreal archipelago age-gradient. Oecologia 148, 414–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stenberg, J.A., Heijari, J., Holopainen, J.K. & Ericson, L. (2007) Presence of Lythrum salicaria enhances the bodyguard effects of the parasitoid Asecodes mento for Filipendula ulmaria. Oikos 116, 482–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teder, T. & Tammaru, T. (2003) Short-term indirect interactions between two moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) species mediated by shared parasitoids: The benefits of being scarce. European Journal of Entomology 100, 323–328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, J.N. (2005) The Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution. Chicago, IL, The University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vet, L.E.M., Datema, A., Janssen, A. & Snellen, H. (1994) Clutch size in a larval pupal endoparasitoid – consequences for fitness. Journal of Animal Ecology 63, 807–815.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zaviezo, T. & Mills, N. (2000) Factors influencing the evolution of clutch size in a gregarious insect parasitoid. Journal of Animal Ecology 69, 1047–1057.CrossRefGoogle Scholar