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Host finding by Uscana lariophaga (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in stored cowpea: the effect of distance, time interval, host patch size and spatial orientation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

C. Stolk ,
M.N. Ghimire ,
S. Souquié ,
W. van der Werf  and
A. van Huis
C. Stolk
Affiliation:
Wageningen University, Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Entomology, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
M.N. Ghimire
Affiliation:
Wageningen University, Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Entomology, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
S. Souquié
Affiliation:
Wageningen University, Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Entomology, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
W. van der Werf
Affiliation:
Wageningen University, Department of Plant Sciences, Group Crop and Weed Ecology, PO Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
A. van Huis*
Affiliation:
Wageningen University, Department of Plant Sciences, Laboratory of Entomology, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
*
*Fax: +31 317 484821 E-mail [email protected]
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Abstract

Host finding and parasitization by Uscana lariophaga Steffan, a potential biocontrol agent of the storage pest Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius), were investigated in stored cowpea. Host finding was shown to be a function of distance, time, host patch size and the spatial position of U. lariophaga relative to the host patch. Uscana lariophaga females were able to find hosts up to 75 cm horizontal distance from the host patch, which was the largest distance tested. The probability that a host patch was found when an individual U. lariophaga female was released at 2.5 cm horizontal distance from the host patch ranged from 0.6 after 2 h foraging time to 0.9 after 8 h foraging time. At 10 cm from the host patch, host finding probability ranged from 0.2 to 0.45 at these respective foraging times. Finding probabilities doubled compared to horizontal distances when U. lariophaga was released below the host patch, and halved when it was released above the host patch. The negative geotaxic response was shown not to be an artefact of the release method. The median net displacement rate in the direction of the host patch was two beans per hour (1.4 cm h−1). The results suggest that U. lariophaga females start searching for hosts regardless of the quality of the olfactory information they receive. Additional observations indicated that U. lariophaga is adapted to a host with a patchy distribution, which implies that host finding over larger distances is relevant for U. lariophaga.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 95 , Issue 3 , June 2005 , pp. 231 - 241
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

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