Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-10-28T13:53:03.178Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Geographical variation in larval susceptibility of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis spore–crystal mixtures and purified crystal proteins and associated resistance development in India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M. Mohan  and
G.T. Gujar
M. Mohan
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
G.T. Gujar*
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
*
*Fax: 0091 11 5766420 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The susceptibility of larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella Linnaeus to purified crystal proteins and spore–crystal preparations of Bacillus thuringiensis was investigated for 13 populations from seven states in India. The LC50 (μg ml−1, 48 h) values of Cry proteins for different populations of P. xylostella ranged from 0.14–3.74 (Cry1Aa), 0.007–1.25 (Cry1Ab), 0.18–2.47 (Cry1Ac) and 0.12 – 3.0 (Cry1C). The LC50 (mg (ai) l-1, 48 h) of spore-crystal preparations ranged from 0.02–0.98 (HD-1) and 0.06–2.14 (HD-73). Significantly higher LC50 values for all tested toxins and strains were obtained with populations collected from Iruttupallam and Ottanchathiram in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, whereas some of the populations collected from the northern part of India were more susceptible than the susceptible IARI 17–65 population. The high levels of resistance in the Iruttupallam and Ottanchathiram populations to Cry1Ab suggested selection pressure by Cry1Ab, which is the predominant toxin in B. thuringiensis formulations used in India. Cry1Ab was found to be more toxic than the other toxins. The population from Iruttupallam showed increased resistance following selection with Cry1Ab in the laboratory (LC50 from 1.25 to 4.31 μg ml−1 over two generations) and also showed cross resistance to Cry1Aa and Cry1Ac. The resistance to Biobit® in the field population from Iruttupallam declined slowly; requiring c. 33 generations for an overall 10-fold decline in LC50 when the insects were reared in the laboratory without exposure to B. thuringensis.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 92 , Issue 6 , December 2002 , pp. 489 - 498
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2002

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ball, E.H. (1986) Quantitation of proteins by elution of Coomassie brilliant blue R from stained bands after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Analytical Biochemistry 155, 23–27.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ballester, V., Escriche, B., Ménsua, J.L., Riethmacher, G.W. & Ferré, J. (1994) Lack of cross resistance to other Bacillus thuringiensis crystal proteins in a population of Plutella xylostella highly resistant to CryIA(b). Biocontrol Science and Technology 4, 437–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ballester, V., Granero, F., Tabashnik, B.E., Malvar, T. & Ferré, J. (1999) Integrative model for binding of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins in susceptible and resistant larvae of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, 1413–1419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cannon, R.J.C. (1996) Bacillus thuringiensis use in agriculture: a molecular perspective. Biological Reviews 71, 561–636.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chelliah, S. & Srinivasan, K. (1986) Bioecology and management of diamondback moth in India. pp 63–76. in Talekar, N.S. & Griggs, T.D. (Ed.) Diamondback moth management: Proceedings of the first international workshop. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taipei, Taiwan.Google Scholar
Chandrasekaran, J. & Regupathy, A. (1996) Baseline data for field monitoring system for Bacillus thuringiensis in Tamil Nadu (India) Plutella xylostella (L.) population. pp 332–334. in Sivapragasam, N.A., Loke, W.H., Hassan, A.K. & Lim, G.S. (Ed.) The management of diamondback moth and other crucifer pests: In Proceedings of the third international workshop, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Google Scholar
Crickmore, N., Zeigler, D.R., Feitelson, J., Schnepf, E., van Rie, J., Lereclus, D., Baum, J. & Dean, D.H. (1998) Revision of the nomenclature for the Bacillus thuringiensis pesticidal crystal proteins. Microbiological and Molecular Biological Review 62, 807–813.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Maage, R.A., Bosch, D. & Stiekema, W. (1999) Bacillus thuringiensis toxins – mediated insect resistance in plants. Trends in Plant Science 4, 9–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dilawari, V.K., Khanna, V., Gupta, V.K., Dhaliwal, H.S. & Dhaliwal, G.S. (1996) Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki δ-endotoxin proteins from HD-1 and HD-73 strains against Plutella xylostella (L.). Allelopathy Journal 3, 491–496.Google Scholar
Drummond, J., Kotze, A.C., Levot, G.W. & Pinnock, D.E. (1995) Increased susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis associated with pyrethroid resistance in Bovicola (Damalinia) ovis (Phthiraptera: Mallophaga): Possible role of monooxygenases. Journal of Economic Entomology 88, 1607–1610.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dulmage, H.T., Correa, J.A. & Martinez, A.J. (1970) Coprecipitation with lactose as a means of recovering the spore-crystal complex of Bacillus thuringiensis. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 15, 15–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Entwistle, P.F., Cory, J.S., Bailey, M.J. & Higgs, S. (1993) Bacillus thuringiensis,. an environmental biopesticide: theory and practice. pp New York, John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Ferré, J. & van Rie, J. (2002) Biochemistry and genetics of insect resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis. Annual Review of Entomology 47, 501–533.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferré, J., Real, M.D., van Rie, J., Jansens, S. & Peferoen, M. (1991) Resistance to the Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide in a field population of Plutella xylostella is due to a change in a midgut membrane receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88, 5119–5123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garrido, C. & Araya, J.E. (1997) Susceptibility of several populations of Plutella xylostella to Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) var. kurstaki. Investigacion Agricola Santiago 17, 79–85.Google Scholar
Groeters, F.R., Tabashnik, B.E., Finson, N. & Johnson, M.W. (1994) Fitness costs of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Evolution 48, 197–201.Google ScholarPubMed
Gujar, G.T. (1999) Farmers' fight against diamondback moth. Pesticide World. Dc: 64–65.Google Scholar
Gujar, G.T. & Kalia, V. (1999) Bioactivity of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki and possible development of tolerance (resistance) in some populations of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. Indian Journal of Entomology 61, 22–27.Google Scholar
Hama, H., Suzuki, K. & Tanaka, H. (1992) Inheritance and stability of resistance to B. thuringiensis formulations of the diamondback moth P. xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology 27, 355–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Iqbal, M., Verkerk, R.H.J., Furlong, M.J., Ong, P.C., Rahman, S.A. & Wright, D.J. (1996) Evidence for resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp. kurstaki HD-1, Bt subsp. aizawai and abamectin in field populations of Plutella xylostella from Malaysia. Pesticide Science 48, 89–97.3.0.CO;2-B>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koziel, M.G., Carozzi, N.B., Currier, T.C., Warren, G.W. & Evola, S.V. (1993) The insecticidal crystal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis: past, present and future uses. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews 11, 171–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krattiger, A.F. (1997) Insect resistance in crops: a case study of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and its transfer to developing countries. International Service for the Acquisition of Agribiotech Applications, ISAAA Briefs 2, Ithaca, New York.Google Scholar
Kumar, H. & Kapur, A. (1998) Role of transgenic vegetable crops in insect pest management. in Bakhetia, D.R.C., Dilawari, V.K., Singh, J. & Joia, B.S. (Eds) National level discussion on critical issues of integrated pest management in the changing agricultural scenario in India, 28–29 November 1998, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.Google Scholar
Laemmli, U.K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, M.K., MilneA., Ge A., Ge & Dean, D.H. (1992) Location of Bombyx mori receptor binding region of a Bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxin. Journal of Biological Chemistry 267, 3115–3121.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Litchfield, J.T. & Wilcoxon, F. (1949) A simplified method of evaluating dose-effect experiments. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy 96, 99–103.Google ScholarPubMed
Liu, Y.-B., Tabashnik, B.E. & Pusztai-Carey, M. (1996) Field-evolved resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1C in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 89, 798–804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moermans, R. & van Hecke, P. (1995) Effect of sample size and number of doses for the determination of LD50.. Journal of Applied Entomology 119, 637–640.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mohan, M. & Gujar, G.T. (2000) Susceptibility pattern and development of resistance in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L, to Bacillus thuringiensis Berl. var kurstaki in India. Pest Management Science 56, 189–194.Google Scholar
Narayanan, K., Jayaraj, S. & Subramanian, T.R. (1970) Control of three species of lepidopteran insects with the pathogen, Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner. Madras Agricultural Journal 57, 665–673.Google Scholar
Perez, C.J. & Shelton, A.M. (1997) Resistance of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner in Central America. Journal of Economic Entomology 90, 87–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabindra, R.J., Justin, C.G.L. & Jayaraj, S. (1995) Relative susceptibility of two larval populations of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) to insecticides and Bacillus thuringiensis. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 65, 152–153.Google Scholar
Rajamohan, N. & Jayaraj, S. (1978) Field efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner and some other insecticides against insect pests of cabbage. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 48, 672–675.Google Scholar
Raju, S.V.S. (1996) An overview of insecticide resistance in Plutella xylostella L. in India. Resistant Pest Management 8, 23–24.Google Scholar
Renuka, S. & Regupathy, A. (1996) Monitoring of insecticide resistance in diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) in Tamil Nadu. Pesticide Research Journal 8, 168–171.Google Scholar
Ross, G.E.S. (1987) Maximum likelihood programme. pp The numerical Algorithms Group, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, UK.Google Scholar
Sannaveerappanavar, V.T. & Viraktamath, C.A. (1997) Management of insecticide resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) on cabbage using some novel insecticides. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences 31, 230–235.Google Scholar
Sawant, S.W. (1998) Biological insecticides: problems and perspectives. in. National Symposium on Development of Microbial Pesticides and Insect Pest Management. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai and Hindustan Antibiotics Limited, 12–13 November 1998, Pune, India.Google Scholar
Sayyed, A.H. & Wright, D.J. (2001) Fitness costs and stability of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in a field population of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. Ecological Entomology 26, 502–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shelton, A.M., Robertson, J.L., Tang, J.D., Perez, C., Eigenbrode, S.D., Preisler, H.K., Wilsey, W.T. & Cooley, R.J. (1993) Resistance of diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies in the field. Journal of Economic Entomology 86, 697–705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Syed, A.R. (1992) Insecticide resistance in diamondback moth in Malaysia. pp 437–442. in Talekar, N.S. (Ed.) Diamondback moth and other crucifer pests: Proceedings of the second international workshop. Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taipei, Taiwan.Google Scholar
Tabashnik, B.E. (1994) Evolution of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis. Annual Review of Entomology 39, 47–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tabashnik, B.E., Cushing, N.L., Finson, N. & Johnson, M.W. (1990) Field development of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 83, 1671–1676.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tabashnik, B.E., Finson, N. & Johnson, M.W. (1991) Managing resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis: lessons from the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 84, 49–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tabashnik, B.E., Finson, N., Groeters, F.R., Moar, W.J., Johnson, M.W., Luo, K. & Adang, M.J. (1994) Reversal of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Plutella xylostella. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91, 4120–4124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Talekar, N.S. (1992) Diamondback moth and other crucifer pests: Proceedings of the second international workshop. pp Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center, Taipei, Taiwan.Google Scholar
Tang, J.D., Shelton, A.M., Van RieJ., de J., de, Roeck, S., Moar, W.J., Roush, R.T. & Peferoen, M. (1996) Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis spore and crystal protein to resistant diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Applied and Environmental Microbiology 62, 564–569.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Verma, A.N. & Sandhu, G.S. (1968) Chemical control of diamondback moth, Plutella maculipennis (Curtis). Journal of Research, Punjab Agricultural University 5, 420–423.Google Scholar
Zhao, J.-Z., Zhu, G.-R., Ju, Z.-L., & Wang, W.-Z. (1993) Resistance of diamondback moth to Bacillus thuringiensis in China. Resistant Pest Management 5, 11–12.Google Scholar