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Egg mortality of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and green leafhoppers, Nephotettix spp. (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), on rice in Sri Lanka

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

S.V. Fowler ,
M.F. Claridge ,
J.C. Morgan ,
I.D.R. Peries  and
L. Nugaliyadde
S.V. Fowler*
Affiliation:
School of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK
M.F. Claridge
Affiliation:
School of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK
J.C. Morgan
Affiliation:
School of Pure and Applied Biology, University of Wales, Cardiff, UK
I.D.R. Peries
Affiliation:
Division of Entomology, Central Agricultural Research Institute, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
L. Nugaliyadde
Affiliation:
Central Rice Breeding Station, Batalagoda, Sri Lanka
*
Dr S. V. Fowler, International Institute of Biological Control, Silwood Park, Buckhurst Rd, Ascot SL5 7TA, UK.
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Abstract

Rice plants, infested with eggs of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) or Nephotettix spp. in laboratory cultures, were used to trap egg parasitoids in rice fields at two sites over a period of four days in Sri Lanka. Levels of egg parasitism per plant varied from 0 to 54% in N. lugens and 45 to 100% in Nephotettix spp. Egg predation was a minor cause of mortality, but attack by a species of Panstenon (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) killed up to 18% Nilaparvata lugens eggs. N. lugens eggs were parasitized by Anagrus sp. nr flaveolus Waterhouse, A. optabilis (Perkins) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and Oligosita sp. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Nephotettix spp. eggs were parasitized by two species of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and one of Paracentrobia (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). There was no overlap in field host range between the two parasitoid assemblages. Gonatocerus spp. and Paracentrobia spp. seldom attacked the same Nephotettix sp. egg batch, suggesting the possibility that these species compete in the field. Overall egg parasitism of Nilaparvata lugens was positively related to host egg density at the spatial scale of the rice plant, but unrelated at the tiller or batch scale. Nephotettix spp. egg parasitism showed a negative density dependent relationship at the spatial scales of the tiller and plant and no relationship at the batch level. The potential role of these egg parasitoids in preventing outbreaks of hopper pests in Sri Lanka is discussed.

Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 81 , Issue 2 , June 1991 , pp. 161 - 167
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

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