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Effects of toxic baits and food-based attractants for fruit flies on the parasitoid Fopius arisanus (Sonan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 September 2019

Simón Farah ,
Matheus Rakes ,
Diego Portalanza Open the ORCID record for Diego Portalanza [Opens in a new window] ,
Dori E. Nava ,
Angelica Durigon ,
Anderson D. Grützmacher ,
Nivia Dias-Pini  and
Mariuxi Goméz-Torres
Simón Farah*
Affiliation:
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture and Fisheries – MAGAP, ZIP Code 170517, Quito, Ecuador Federal University of Pelotas, Postal Code 96010-610, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Matheus Rakes
Affiliation:
Federal University of Pelotas, Postal Code 96010-610, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Diego Portalanza
Affiliation:
Federal University of Santa Maria, Postal Code 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
Dori E. Nava
Affiliation:
Embrapa Clima Temperado, Postal Code 96010-971, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Angelica Durigon
Affiliation:
Federal University of Santa Maria, Postal Code 97105-900, Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
Anderson D. Grützmacher
Affiliation:
Federal University of Pelotas, Postal Code 96010-610, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
Nivia Dias-Pini
Affiliation:
Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, ZIP Code 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
Mariuxi Goméz-Torres
Affiliation:
Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Aquaculture and Fisheries – MAGAP, ZIP Code 170517, Quito, Ecuador
*
Author for correspondence: Simón Farah, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of toxic baits and attractants for fruit flies on the biology of its parasitoid Fopius arisanus. We tested two food-based attractants; hydrolysed corn protein (Biofruit® 3%) and sugarcane molasses (7%), their mixtures with spinosad and malathion-based insecticides, and a ready-to-use commercial bait (Success 0.02 CB®). Malathion-based lures were used as references for mortality (i.e., positive control), while negative control was honey. The formulations Biofruit® + malathion (T1), molasses + malathion (T2), and spinosad + molasses (T3) were toxic to F. arisanus, being classified as harmful (class 4). In addition, toxic baits composed of Biofruit + spinosad (T4) reduced parasitism by 97.99%, being rated as moderately harmful (class 3). Yet, Success 0.02 CB® (T7) was considered slightly toxic (class 2), causing a 64.55% reduction in parasitism. Regarding the biological parameters of F. arisanus, offspring number and parasitoid longevity were significantly reduced by using hydrolysed protein attractants when compared to the control (honey). However, sugarcane molasses improved parasitoid reproduction and longevity, as did the honey. Lastly, ingestion tests showed the major role of attractants in toxic-bait formulations against F. arisanus.

Keywords

Biological controlformulationsintegrated managementselectivityTephritidae
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 110 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. 278 - 284
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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