Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T04:00:12.108Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of odours and target colour on landing responses of Glossina morsitans morsitans and G. pallidipes (Diptera: Glossinidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

C.H. Green
C.H. Green*
Affiliation:
ODA/University of Bristol, Tsetse Research Laboratory, Bristol, UK
*
Dr C.H. Green, Tsetse Research Group, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Bristol University, Langford, Bristol BS18 7DU, UK.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A laboratory bioassay was developed to allow blind testing of panels of odours for their effect on target-orientated behaviour of tsetse (Glossina spp.) in the laboratory. Landing responses of G. m. morsitans Westwood on black and blue targets were increased up to four-fold in the presence of carbon dioxide, but no significant effect of any other odours could be demonstrated. 2-methoxy phenol gave an apparent increase in landing behaviour in the laboratory, but this substance diminished rather than increased landing of G. pallidipes Austen and G. m. morsitans on targets in the field, as well as repelling tsetse from the target vicinity. Black, blue and red targets elicited strong landing behaviour in male G. m. morsitans in the laboratory, and white and yellow targets elicited little or none, whether carbon dioxide was present or not. In the field, high ultraviolet reflectivity increased landing behaviour of G. pallidipes, but only when there was a proportion of transmitted light through the target. Ultraviolet reflectivity always reduced overall attraction of tsetse to a single-coloured target. Two-coloured targets incorporating ultraviolet-reflecting white cloth obtained strong landing on the white panels, but caught fewer flies overall than all-black, or blue-and-black targets.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 83 , Issue 4 , December 1993 , pp. 553 - 562
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barrass, R. (1970) The flight activity and settling behaviour of Glossina morsitans Westw. (Dipt., Muscidae) in laboratory experiments. Bulletin of Entomological Research 59, 627–635.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brady, J. (1972) The visual responsiveness of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans Westw. (Glossinidae) to moving objects: the effects of hunger, sex, host odour and stimulus characteristics. Bulletin of Entomological Research 62, 257–279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bursell, E. (1990) The effect of host odour on the landing responses of tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans morsitans) in a wind tunnel with and without visual targets. Physiological Entomology 15, 369–376.Google Scholar
Bursell, E., Gough, A.J.E., Beevor, P.S., Cork, A., Hall, D.R. & Vale, G.A. (1988) Identification of components of cattle urine attractive to tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera, Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 281–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H. (1986) Effects of colours and synthetic odours on the attraction of Glossina pallidipes and G. morsitans morsitans to traps and screens. Physiological Entomology 11, 411–421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H. (1988) The effect of colour on trap- and screenorientated responses in Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 591–604.Google Scholar
Green, C.H. (1989) The use of two-coloured screens for catching Glossina palpalis palpalis (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 79, 81–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H. (1990) The effect of colour on the numbers, age and nutritional status of Glossina tachinoides (Diptera: Glossinidae) attracted to targets. Physiological Entomology 15, 317–329.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, C.H. & Flint, S. (1986) An analysis of colour effects in the performance of the F2 trap against Glossina pallidipes Austen and G. morsitans morsitans Westwood (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrove, J.W. (1976) The effect of human presence on the behaviour of tsetse (Glossina spp.) (Diptera, Glossinidae) near a stationary ox. Bulletin of Entomological Research 66, 173–178.Google Scholar
Hargrove, J.W. (1980) The effect of model size and ox odour on the alighting response of Glossina morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 70, 229–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hecht, O. (1970) Light and color reactions of Musca domestica under different conditions. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 16, 91–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Küpper, W., Späth, J. & Kröber, T. (1991) Attractiveness of chemicals to Glossina tachinoides Westwood (Diptera, Glossinidae) in Côte D'Ivoire. Tropical Pest Management 37, 436–438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laveissière, C., Couret, D. & Grèbaut, P. (1987) Recherche sur les ècrans pour la lutte contre les glossines en règion forestière de Côte d‘Ivoire. Mise au point d‘un nouvel écran. Cahiers d‘ORSTOM, Sèrie Entomologie Mèdicale et Parasitologie 25, 145–164.Google Scholar
Laveissière, C., Vale, G.A. & Gouteux, J.P. (1991) Bait methods for tsetse control. pp 47–74in Curtis, C.F. (Ed.) Control of disease vectors in the community. London, Wolfe Publishing Ltd.Google Scholar
Mérot, P. & Filledier, J. (1985) Efficacité contre Glossina morsitans submorsitans d‘écrans de différentes couleurs, avec ou sans adjonction de panneaux en moustiquaire noire. Révue d‘Elévage et de Médecine Véterinaire des Pays Tropicaux 38, 64–71.Google Scholar
Owaga, M.L.A. (1984) Preliminary observations on the efficacy of olfactory attractants derived from wild hosts of tsetse. Insect Science and its Application 5, 87–90.Google Scholar
Politzar, H. & Mérot, P. (1984) Attraction of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans submorsitans to acetone, 1-octen-3-ol, and the combination of these compounds in West Africa. Révue d‘Elévage et de Médecine Véterinaire des Pays Tropicaux 37, 468–473.Google ScholarPubMed
Snedecor, G.W. & Cochran, W.G. (1967) Statistical methods. 6th edn. 593pp. Ames, Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Vale, G.A. (1974a) New field methods for studying the responses of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to hosts. Bulletin of Entomological Research 64, 199–208.Google Scholar
Vale, G.A. (1974b) The responses of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) to mobile and stationary baits. Bulletin of Entomological Research 64, 545–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A. & Hall, D.R. (1985) The use of 1-octen-3-ol, acetone and carbon dioxide to improve baits for tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 75, 219–231.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A., Bursell, E. & Hargrove, J.W. (1985) Catching-out the tsetse fly. Parasitology Today 1, 106–110.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vale, G.A., Flint, S. & Hall, D.R. (1986) The field responses of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae), to odours of host residues. Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, 685–693.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vale, G.A., Hall, D.R. & Gough, A.J.E. (1988) The olfactory responses of tsetse flies, Glossina spp. (Diptera, Glossinidae), to phenols and urine in the field. Bulletin of Entomological Research 78, 293–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wall, R., Green, C.H., French, N. & Morgan, K.L. (1992) Development of an attractive target for the sheep blowfly Lucilia sericata. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 6, 67–74.Google Scholar
Warnes, M.L. (1989) Responses of the tsetse fly, Glossina pallidipes, to ox odour, carbon dioxide and a visual stimulus in the laboratory. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 50, 245–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warnes, M.L. (1990) The effect of host odour and carbon dioxide on the flight of tsetse flies (Glossina spp) in the laboratory. Journal of Insect Physiology 36, 607–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warnes, M.L. (1991) The control of the savanna species of tsetse flies using odour baited traps and targets. Pesticide Outlook 2, 32–35.Google Scholar