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Effect of plant nitrogen and silica on the bionomics of Sesamia calamistis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

M. Sétamou ,
F. Schulthess ,
N. A. Bosque-Pérez  and
A. Thomas-Odjo
M. Sétamou
Affiliation:
Plant Health Management Division, Biological Control Center for Africa, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Republic of Benin
F. Schulthess*
Affiliation:
Plant Health Management Division, Biological Control Center for Africa, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Cotonou, Republic of Benin
N. A. Bosque-Pérez
Affiliation:
Plant Health Management Division, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria
A. Thomas-Odjo
Affiliation:
Université Nationale du Benin, Cotonou, Republic of Benin
*
Plant Health Management Division, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, BP 080932, Cotonou, Republic of Benin.
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Abstract

The effects of nitrogen and silica application to maize plants on various aspects of the bionomics of the maize stem borer, Sesamia calamistis Hampson, were studied in the laboratory. Increasing nitrogen doses significantly increased larval survival (from 18.7% (control) to 37.3% at 2.25 g N/plant), larval weight (from 49.0 mg (control) to 99.5 mg at 2.25 g N/plant), and female fecundity (from 77 eggs per female (control) to 365 eggs per female at 1.69 g N/plant). A significant, positive relationship was found between moth fecundity and female pupal weight. Nitrogen had no effect on larval and pupal developmental time but increased adult longevity. Intrinsic rate of increase, rm, and the net reproductive rate, Ro, were positively related to leaf and stem nitrogen, while generation time, G, was negatively related. Silica had the opposite effect from nitrogen on larval survival. Increasing silica supply reduced ultimate larval survival from 26.0% (control) to 4.0% at 0.56 g Si/plant. Immature developmental time, larval and pupal weight, pupal survival, female fecundity, egg viability and adult longevity of S. calamistis were not affected by silica application.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 83 , Issue 3 , September 1993 , pp. 405 - 411
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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