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Activity rhythms of tsetse flies (Glossina spp.) (Diptera: Glossinidae) at low and high temperatures in nature

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

J.W. Hargrove  and
John Brady
J.W. Hargrove
Affiliation:
Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Control Branch, Department of Veterinary Services, Harare, Zimbabwe
John Brady*
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
*
Dr J. Brady, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berts SL5 7PY, UK
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Abstract

Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen were caught hourly on electric nets from dawn to dusk in the Zambesi Valley, Zimbabwe, in cold and hot weather. When middle of the day temperatures reached only 24°C, activity of G. morsitans was at a low level from dawn to early afternoon but then rose to a dusk peak (most marked in males); G. pallidipes behaved similarly, but showed almost no activity before noon. When dawn temperatures rose above ca. 24°C (and afternoon temperatures above 38°C) the evening peak disappeared, to be replaced by a peak at dawn (and with almost no activity occurring through the rest of the day). This reversal of the more usual field activity pattern of late afternoon maxima reveals that the positive correlation between activity level and temperature at dusk (Brady & Crump, 1978) breaks down above ca. 33°C, although the earlier conclusion that the typical U-shaped activity pattern of tsetse flies is mainly driven by endogenous timing is still valid for moderate temperatures.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 82 , Issue 3 , September 1992 , pp. 321 - 326
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

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