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The influence of host quality on progeny and sex allocation in the pupal ectoparasitoid, Muscidifurax raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

J.A. Harvey  and
G.J.Z. Gols
J.A. Harvey*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
G.J.Z. Gols
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Wageningen Agricultural University, PO Box 8031, 6700 EH Wageningen, The Netherlands
*
*Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 739 Russell Laboratories, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. Fax: 608 262 3222 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Muscidifurax raptorellus Kogan & Legner is a gregarious pteromalid ectoparasitoid that attacks pupae and pharate adults from several families of the higher Diptera. Egg-to-adult development time, adult parasitoid size and emerging offspring ( = secondary) sex ratio of M. raptorellus were compared with clutch size in two hosts that differed greatly in mass, the small Musca domestica Linnaeus and the larger Calliphora vomitoria Linnaeus. The mean number of emerging parasitoids did not vary significantly with host species, although slightly higher clutch sizes were recorded in C. vomitoria. Irrespective of offspring sex, parasitoids completed development more rapidly in M. domestica than in C. vomitoria. In the small host, the development time and adult size of M. raptorellus were negatively correlated with clutch size. By contrast, female parasitoid size was unaffected by clutch size in the larger host, C. vomitoria. In both hosts, female parasitoids were significantly larger than male parasitoids. The secondary sex ratio (percentage males) of emerging parasitoids was significantly lower in C. vomitoria, and varied with clutch size in both hosts. In C. vomitoria, the greatest proportion of females emerged from hosts with the highest clutch sizes, whereas in M. domestica hosts with the highest clutch sizes produced the lowest proportion of female progeny. The results described here show that the development of M. raptorellus is profoundly affected by interspecific differences in host quality. Our results suggest that mating structure and host quality have potentially different effects on sex ratio decisions in M. raptorellus, and perhaps other gregarious parasitoids.

Type
Review Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 88 , Issue 3 , June 1998 , pp. 299 - 304
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1998

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