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Efficiency of insect exclusion screens for preventing whitefly transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl virus of tomatoes in Israel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M.J. Berlinger ,
R.A.J. Taylor ,
S. Lebiush-Mordechi ,
S. Shalhevet  and
I. Spharim
M.J. Berlinger
Affiliation:
Entomology Laboratory, Gilat Regional Experiment Station, Mobile Post Negev 852801, Israel
R.A.J. Taylor*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster OH 44691, USA
S. Lebiush-Mordechi
Affiliation:
Entomology Laboratory, Gilat Regional Experiment Station, Mobile Post Negev 852801, Israel
S. Shalhevet
Affiliation:
Department for Planning and Evaluation of Agricultural Research, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
I. Spharim
Affiliation:
Department for Planning and Evaluation of Agricultural Research, Volcani Center, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
*
*Fax: (330)263 3686 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most frequently occurring virus in tomatoes in the Middle East, and the most harmful one. It is transmitted solely by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Within 4–6h of inoculative feeding, a whitefly can transmit TYLCV to a healthy plant with 80% probability. The symptoms are apparent after two to three weeks whereupon fruit-set is effectively terminated. The only means of controlling TYLCV is by controlling the whitefly. Until 1990 this was exclusively by insecticides. Starting in 1990, growers of greenhouse tomatoes in Israel began adopting insect exclusion screens to prevent inoculation of TYLCV. This article reports on the methods used in the search for efficient screening materials and presents data on their relative efficiencies in excluding B. tabaci and several other greenhouse pests. Ten materials were tested, of which five were found to be effective in excluding B. tabaciunder laboratory conditions. This number was reduced to three following field trials and trials in commercial tomato greenhouses. These materials are now in widespread use in Israel: by 2000 practically all table tomatoes in Israel were grown under exclusion screens. The use of exclusion screens has been shown to be an economically viable pest management method.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 92 , Issue 5 , October 2002 , pp. 367 - 373
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2002

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