Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-29T00:05:26.178Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Ecology of Glossina morsitans, Westw., and two possible Methods for its Destruction.—Part II

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

T. A. M. Nash
T. A. M. Nash
Affiliation:
Entomologist, Department of Tsetse Research, Tanganyika Territory.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

A small belt of Glossina morsitans has been studied for four and a half consecutive years.

The community has been observed during the period of its prosperity when the population increased and attempted to colonise unsuitable country ; the outward spread of the fly was checked by insuperable natural barriers, and a period intervened when the fly advance had come to a standstill ; the tsetse were observed in their attempt to breed and establish themselves in an area that could only temporarily suffice their needs.

This optimum period was brought to a sudden close by the advent of unfavourable climatic conditions. The effort made by the community to establish a habitat in an unsuitable type of bush was frustrated by the almost complete extermination of its population. The country which had been colonised by the tsetse was depopulated, and once more was limited to a small population that had survived in the true and permanent habitats. A long period followed in which the tsetse were seen to make a slow but steady recovery. The investigation closes with recovery assured, but the community still too depleted in numbers to attempt further expansion for a considerable time.

Throughout this rise and fall in the fortunes of the fly community, the size of the tsetse population has been seen to fluctuate seasonally with the annual variations in the climate.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , July 1933 , pp. 163 - 195
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1933

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Austen, E. E. & Hegh, E. (1922). Tsetse Flies : their characteristics, distribution and bionomics.—Imp. Bur. Ent., pp. 1–178.Google Scholar
Blackman, V. H. (1929). Agricultural Meteorology in its Plant Physiological Relationships.—Conf. Empire Meteorologists. Agricultural Sect. II. Papers and Discussions, pp. 21–29.Google Scholar
Bruce, D., Harvey, D., Hamerton, A. E., Davey, J. B., & Bruce, Lady. (1915). Rep. Sleeping Sickness Comm. Roy. Soc., No. xvi, pp. 14–28, p. 209, p. 210, p. 215, and pp. 216–221.Google Scholar
Carpenter, G. D. H. (1912). Progress Report on investigations into Bionomics of Glossina palpalis.—07 27, 1910. Rep. Sleeping Sickness Comm. Roy. Soc., No. xii, p. 79.Google Scholar
Carpenter, G. D. H. (1919). Third, Fourth, and Fifth Reports on the Bionomics of Glossina palpalis on Lake Victoria.—Rep. Sleeping Sickness Comm. Roy. Soc., No. xvii.Google Scholar
Chorley, J. K. (1929 a). The Bionomics of Glossina morsitans in the Umniati Fly Belt, Southern Rhodesia, 1922–23 (illustrated).—Bull. Ent. Res., xx, p. 279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chorley, J. K. (1929 b). Experiments in Grass Fires against Glossina morsitans in Southern Rhodesia.—Bull. Ent. Res., xx, p. 377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christy, C. (1918). Tsetse Flies and Fly Belts.—Ann. Trop. Med. Parasit., xi, p. 279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ensor, H. (1909). Report on Investigations carried out in the Bahr-el-Ghazal Province on behalf of the Sudan Sleeping Sickness Commission, 1907–8.—J.R.A.M.C., xii, p. 376.Google Scholar
Fischer, W. (1913). Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die Rolle der Glossina morsitans abs Ubertragerin der Schlafkrankheit am Viktoriasee.—Arch. f. Schiffs- u. Tropenhyg., xvii, p. 73.Google Scholar
Fiske, W. F. (1920). Investigations into the Bionomics of Glossina palpalis.—Bull. Ent. Res., x, p. 347.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, C. (1923). Tsetse in the Transvaal and surrounding Territories : an Historical Review.—Un. S. Africa Dept. Agric. Ent. Mem., no. 1.Google Scholar
Harris, R. H. (1930). Report on the Bionomics of the Tsetse Fly (Glossina pallidipes Aust.).—The Natal Witness, Pietermaritzburg.Google Scholar
Jack, R. W. (1920). Some Notes and Remarks on the Bionomics of Glossina morsitans.—Bull. Ent. Res., xi, p. 113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jack, R. W. (1927). Some environmental Factors relating to the Distribution of Glossina morsitans, Westw., in Southern Rhodesia.—S. Afr. J. Sci., xxiv, 457–475.Google Scholar
Jackson, C. H. N. (1930). Contributions to the Bionomics of Glossina morsitans.—Bull. Ent. Res., xxi, p. 491.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jackson, C. H. N. (1931). An Experiment on the Feeding Habits of Glossina swynnertoni (Dipt.)—Bull. Ent. Res., xxii, p. 175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk, J. (1865). On the “ Tsetse ” Fly of Tropical Africa (Glossina morsitans, Westwood).—J. Proc. linn. Soc., viii, p. 149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamborn, W. A. (1915). Second Report on Glossina Investigations in Nyasaland.—Bull. Ent. Res., vi, p. 249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamborn, W. A. (1916). Third Report on Glossina Investigations in Nyasaland.—Bull. Ent. Res., vii, p. 29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lamborn, W. A. (1925). An Attempt to control Glossina morsitans by means of Syntomosphyrum glossinae, Waterston.—Bull. Ent. Res., xv, p. 303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd, Ll. (1912). Notes on Glossina morsitans in Northern Rhodesia.—Bull. Ent. Res., iii, p. 95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lloyd, Ll. (1914). Further Notes on Bionomics of Glossina morsitans in Northern Rhodesia.—Bull. Ent. Res., v, p. 49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nash, T. A. M. (1930). A Contribution to our Knowledge of the Bionomics of Glossina morsitans.—Bull. Ent. Res., xxi, p. 201 (map).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nash, T. A. M. (1931). The Relationship between Glossina morsitans and the Evaporation Rate.—Bull. Ent. Res., xxii, p. 383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newstead, R. & Davey, J. B. (1914). First Preliminary Report on the Bionomics of Glossina morsitans.—Rep. Sleeping Sickness Comm. Roy. Soc., xv, p. 142.Google Scholar
Newstead, R., Evans, A. M. & Potts, W. H. (1924). Guide to the Study of Tsetse Flies.—Liverpool School Trop. Med. Memoir (N.S.) No. 1.Google Scholar
Potts, W. H. (1930). A Contribution to the Study of Numbers of Tsetse Fly (Glossina morsitans Westw.) by Quantitative Methods.—S. Afr. J. Sci., xxvii, p. 491.Google Scholar
Predtetchenskiǐ, S. A. (1928). Locusta migratoria, L., in Central Russia. (In Russian with an English summary.)—Rep. Bur. Appl. Ent. Leningrad, iii, pp. 113–199, 4 figs., 29 tables.Google Scholar
Roubaud, E. (1909 a). Recherches biologiques sur les conditions de viviparité et de vie larvaire de Glossina palpalis, R. Desv.—C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, cxlviii, pp. 195–197.Google Scholar
Roubaud, E. (1909 b). La Glossina palpalis. Sa biologie, son rôle dans l'étiologie des Trypanosomiases.—Rap. Mission d'études de la maladie du sommeil au Congo Français, 383–656, 8 pls., figs.Google Scholar
Roubaud, E. (1920). Les mouches Tsétsé en Afrique Occidentale Française.—Bull. Com. Afr. occid. franç., iv, pp. 257–300, 7 figs., 1 map.Google Scholar
Shelford, V. E. (1914). The importance of the measure of evaporation in economic studies of insects.—J. Econ. Ent., vii, pp. 229–233, 2 tables.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shircore, J. O. (1914). Suggestions for limitation arid destruction of Glossina morsitans.—Bull. Ent. Res., v, p. 87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simpson, J. J. (1918). Bionomics of Tsetse, and other Parasitological Notes in the Gold Coast.—Bull. Ent. Res., viii, p. 193.Google Scholar
Swynnerton, C. F. M. (1921). An Examination of the Tsetse Problem in North Mossurise, Portuguese East Africa.—Bull. Ent. Res., xi, p. 315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swynnerton, C. F. M. (1923). Entomological Aspects of an outbreak of Sleeping Sickness near Mwanza, Tanganyika Territory.—Bull. Ent. Res., xiii, p. 317.Google Scholar
Swynnerton, C. F. M. (1925). An Experiment in Control of Tsetse Flies at Shinyanga, Tanganyika Territory.—Bull. Ent. Res., xv, p. 313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Uvarov, B. P. (1931). Insects and Climate.—Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., Ixxix, pp. 1–247.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yorke, W. (1913). The Relationship of the Big Game of Africa to the spread of Sleeping Sickness.—Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., xxii, p. 321.Google Scholar