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Age-grading in blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) by ovariolar morphology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

A.I. Gryaznov
A.I. Gryaznov*
Affiliation:
Prophylactic Toxicology and Disinfection Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, and Division of Parasite Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK
*
A.I. Gryaznov, Prophylactic Toxicology and Disinfection Research Institute, Nauchni pro.18, Moscow 117246 Russia.
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Abstract

A method for physiological age determination in blackflies is described from studies on Simulium equinum (Linnaeus), S. ornatum Meigen, S. erythrocephalum (De Geer), and S. nigrum (Meigen) in Russia, and S. vittatum (Zetterstedt), and S.verecundum-venustum supercomplex in Canada. The method uses neutral red to stain the ovariolar structures which indicate preceding gonotrophic cycles. Two different processes can occur in the ovariole during the gonotrophic cycle: egg development with ovulation, or degeneration of a terminal follicle. Egg-sacs are resorbed and form zones of granulation which accumulate in the ovariole at each gonotrophic cycle. Following degeneration of the terminal follicle, a follicular relic (═gonotrophic dilatation) forms. The sum of zones of granulation plus follicular relics in each ovariole can indicate the number of completed gonotrophic cycles. However the number of follicular relics alone does not correspond to the number of preceding gonotrophic cycles and cannot reliably be used for determination of the parity of a female. Female flies collected in nature were categorized as: nulliparous; 1-parous; or multiparous. In multiparous females, most ovarioles have no more than two zones of granulation or a combination consisting of one zone of granulation and a follicular relic. Females in this category are considered to be 2-parous. In some ovarioles of parous females the germarium and terminal follicles were found to have disappeared.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 85 , Issue 3 , September 1995 , pp. 339 - 344
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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