Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T03:22:23.477Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Human Rights, NGO Shaming and the Exports of Abusive States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2016

Timothy M. Peterson ,
Amanda Murdie  and
Victor Asal
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Does the attention of human rights organizations limit exports from rights-abusing states? This article examines how naming and shaming by human rights organizations (HROs) conditions the influence of human rights abuse on exports, and argues that human rights abuse alone is insufficient to damage a state’s exports. However, as attention to abuse via HRO shaming increases, abuse has an increasingly negative impact on exports. Importantly, this relationship is also conditional on the respect for human rights among importing states; human rights abuse, even if it is shamed, has no effect when importers are similarly abusive. Empirical tests utilizing gravity models of trade incorporating data on physical integrity rights abuse and HRO shaming in 1990–2008 yield strong support for our expectations.

Type
Articles
Information
British Journal of Political Science , Volume 48 , Issue 3 , July 2018 , pp. 767 - 786
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

University of South Carolina (Email: [email protected]); University of Georgia (Email: [email protected]); SUNY Albany (Email: [email protected]). Data replication sets available at https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/BJPolS and online appendices available at http://dx.doi.org/doi: 10.1017/S0007123416000065.

References

List of References

Abouharb, M. Rodwan, and Cingranelli, David L.. 2006. The Human Rights Effects of World Bank Structural Adjustment, 1981–2000. International Studies Quarterly 50 (2):233–262.Google Scholar
Anderson, James E. 1979. A Theoretical Foundation for the Gravity Equation. American Economic Review 69 (1):106–116.Google Scholar
Anderson, James E., and Wincoop, Eric van. 2004. Trade Costs. Journal of Economic Literature 42:691–751.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Apodaca, Clair. 2001. Global Economic Patterns and Personal Integrity Rights after the Cold War. International Studies Quarterly 45:587–602.Google Scholar
Ausderan, Jacob. 2014. How Naming and Shaming Affects Human Rights Perceptions in the Shamed Country. Journal of Peace Research 51 (1):81–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbieri, Katherine, and Keshk, Omar. 2012. Correlates of War Project Trade Data Set Codebook, Version 3.0. Available from http://correlatesofwar.org. Accessed July 2014.Google Scholar
Barry, Colin M., Clay, K. Chad, and Flynn, Michael E.. 2013. Avoiding the Spotlight: Human Rights Shaming and Foreign Direct Investment. International Studies Quarterly 57 (3):532–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bartley, Tim. 2007. How Foundations Shape Social Movements: The Construction of An Organizational Field and the Rise of Forest Certification. Social Problems 54 (3):229–255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, Sam, Clay, K. Chad, and Murdie, Amanda. 2012. Neighborhood Watch: Spatial Effects of Human Rights INGOs. Journal of Politics 74 (2):354–368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blanton, Shannon Lindsey, and Blanton, Robert G.. 2007a. What Attracts Foreign Investors? An Examination of Human Rights and Foreign Direct Investment. Journal of Politics 69 (1):143–155.Google Scholar
Blanton, Robert G., and Blanton, Shannon Lindsey. 2007b. Human Rights and Trade: Beyond the ‘Spotlight’. International Interactions 33:97–117.Google Scholar
Bob, Clifford. 2005. The Marketing of Rebellion: Insurgents, Media, and International Activism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Brambor, Thomas, Clark, William Roberts, and Golder, Matt. 2006. Understanding interaction models: Improving empirical analyses. Political Analysis 14 (1):63–82.Google Scholar
Brysk, Alison. 1993. From Above and Below Social Movements, the International System, and Human Rights in Argentina. Comparative Political Studies 26 (3):259–285.Google Scholar
Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce, Smith, Alastair, Siverson, Randolph M., and Morrow, James D.. 2003. The logic of political survival. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Cao, Xun, Greenhill, Brian, and Prakash, Aseem. 2013. Where Is the Tipping Point? Bilateral Trade and the Diffusion of Human Rights. British Journal of Political Science 43:133–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cingranelli, David L., and Richards, David L.. 2010. The Cingranelli and Richards (CIRI) Human Rights Data Project. Human Rights Quarterly 32 (2):395–418.Google Scholar
Cingranelli, David L., Richards, David L., and Clay, K. Chad. 2013. The CIRI Human Rights Dataset, Version 2013.12.05. Available from http://www.humanrightsdata.org (accessed 17 January 2013).Google Scholar
Davenport, Christian. 1995. Multi-dimensional threat perception and state repression: An inquiry into why states apply negative sanctions. American Journal of Political Science 39 (3):683–713.Google Scholar
Davis, David R., Murdie, Amanda, and Steinmetz, Coty Garnett. 2012. Makers and Shapers: Human Rights INGOs and Public Opinion. Human Rights Quarterly 34 (1):199–224.Google Scholar
DeMeritt, Jacqueline H. R. 2012. International Organizations and Government Killing: Does Naming and Shaming Save Lives? International Interactions 38 (5):597–621.Google Scholar
Dreher, Axel, Gassebner, Martin, and Siemers, Lars-H. R.. 2012. Globalization, Economic Freedom, and Human Rights. Journal of Conflict Resolution 56 (3):516–546.Google Scholar
Duhigg, Charles, and Barboza, David. 2012. In China, human costs are built into an iPad. New York Times. 25 January.Google Scholar
Franklin, James C. 2008. Shame on You: The Impact of Human Rights Criticism on Political Repression in Latin America. International Studies Quarterly 52 (1):187–211.Google Scholar
Hendrix, Cullen S., and Wong, Wendy H.. 2013. When is the Pen Truly Mighty? Regime Type and the Efficacy of Naming and Shaming in Curbing Human Rights Abuses. British Journal of Political Science 43 (3):651–672.Google Scholar
Garriga, Ana Carolina. 2013. Do Human Rights Regimes Affect FDI in Developing Countries? Paper presented at the American Political Science Association Meeting, Chicago.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibler, Douglas M. 2009. International Military Alliances, 1648–2008. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.Google Scholar
Gleditsch, Kristian. 2004. Expanded Trade and GDP Data, Version 4.1. Available from http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~ksg/exptradegdp.html (accessed 27 December 2013).Google Scholar
Gowa, Joanne, and Mansfield, Edward D. 1993. Power Politics and International Trade. American Political Science Review 87 (2):408–420.Google Scholar
Gurr, Ted. 1986. The Political Origins of State Violence and Terror: A Theoretical Analysis. Pp. 45–71 in Government Violence and Repression: An Agenda for Research, edited by Michael Stohl and George Lopez. Westport: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Hafner-Burton, Emilie. 2005. Trading Human Rights: How Preferential Trade Agreements Influence Government Repression. International Organization 59 (3):593–629.Google Scholar
Hafner-Burton, Emilie. 2009. Forced to be Good: Why Trade Agreements Boost Human Rights. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Independent Digital News and Media. 2014. Israel fears withdrawal by EU firms is too high a price to pay. The Independent, 21 March.Google Scholar
Keck, Margaret, and Sikkink, Kathryn. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Krain, Matthew. 2012. J’accuse! Does Naming and Shaming Perpetrators Reduce the Severity of Genocides or Politicides? International Studies Quarterly 56 (3):574–589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lebovic, James H., and Voeten, Erik. 2009. The Cost of Shame: International Organizations and Foreign Aid in the Punishing of Human Rights Violators. Journal of Peace Research 46 (1):79–97.Google Scholar
Long, Andrew G. 2003. Defense Pacts and International Trade. Journal of Peace Research 40:537–552.Google Scholar
Long, Andrew G., and Leeds, Brett Ashley. 2006. Trading for Security: Military Alliances and Economic Agreements. Journal of Peace Research 43:433–451.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansfield, Edward D., and Bronson, Rachel. 1997. Alliances, Preferential Trading Arrangements, and International Trade. American Political Science Review 91 (1):94–107.Google Scholar
Marshall, Monty, Keith Jaggers, and Gurr, Ted Robert. 2013. Polity IV project: Regime transitions and characteristics, 1800–2007. Center for Systemic Peace.Google Scholar
Mayer, Thierry, and Zignago, Soledad. 2011. Notes on CEPII’s distances measures: The GeoDist database. Available from https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/36347/2/ (accessed 18 November 2013).Google Scholar
Morrow, James D., Siverson, Randolph M., and Tabares, Tressa E.. 1998. The Political Determinants of International Trade: The Major Powers, 1907–90. American Political Science Review 92 (3):649–661.Google Scholar
Murdie, Amanda. 2014. Help or Harm: The Human Security Effects of International NGOs. Palo Alto, Calif.: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Murdie, Amanda, and Davis, David R.. 2012. Shaming and Blaming: Using Events Data to Assess the Impact of Human Rights INGOs. International Studies Quarterly 56 (1):1–16.Google Scholar
Murdie, Amanda, and Peksen, Dursun. 2013. The Impact of Human Rights INGO Activities on Economic Sanctions. Review of International Organizations 8 (1):33–53.Google Scholar
Murdie, Amanda, and Peksen, Dursun. 2014. The impact of human rights INGO shaming on humanitarian interventions. Journal of Politics 76 (1):215–228.Google Scholar
Murdie, Amanda, and Bhasin, Tavishi. 2011. Aiding and Abetting? Human Rights INGOs and Domestic Anti-Government Protest. Journal of Conflict Resolution 55 (2):163–191.Google Scholar
Nelson, Paul J., and Dorsey, Ellen. 2003. At the Nexus of Human Rights and Development: New Methods and Strategies of Global NGOs. World Development 31 (12):2013–2026.Google Scholar
Olmert, Josef. 2014. Boycotting Israel: Fiction and reality. Huffington Post TheHuffingtonPost.com, 26 February (Web 21 March).Google Scholar
Peksen, Dursun. 2009. Better or worse? The effect of economic sanctions on human rights. Journal of Peace Research 46 (1):59–77.Google Scholar
Peksen, Dursun, Peterson, Timothy M., and Drury, A. Cooper. 2014. Media-Driven Humanitarianism? News Media Coverage of Human Rights Abuses and the Use of Economic Sanctions. International Studies Quarterly 58 (4):855–866.Google Scholar
Peterson, Timothy M. 2013. Sending a Message: The Reputation Effect of US Sanction Threat Behavior. International Studies Quarterly 57:672–682.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peterson, Timothy M.. 2014. Taking the Cue: State Response to US Human Rights Sanctions against Third Parties. Conflict Management and Peace Science 31 (2):145–167.Google Scholar
Poe, Steven C., Tate, C. Neal, and Keith, L. C.. 1999. Repression of the human right to personal integrity revisited: A global cross-national study covering the years 1976–1993. International Studies Quarterly 43 (2):291–313.Google Scholar
Richards, David L., Gelleny, Ronald D., and Sacko, D. H.. 2001. Money with a Mean Streak? Foreign Economic Penetration and Government Respect for Human Rights in Developing Countries. International Studies Quarterly 45 (2):219–239.Google Scholar
Risse, Thomas, Ropp, Steven C., and Sikkink, Kathryn, eds. 1999. The Power of Human Rights: International Norms and Domestic Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Risse, Thomas, Ropp, Stephen C., and Sikkink, Kathryn, eds. 2013. The Persistent Power of Human Rights: From Commitment to Compliance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ron, James, Ramos, Howard, and Rodgers, Kathleen. 2005. Transnational Information Politics: NGO Human Rights Reporting, 1986–2000. International Studies Quarterly 49 (3):557–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruggie, John Gerard. 2007. Business and Human Rights: The Evolving International Agenda. American Journal of International Law 4:819–840.Google Scholar
Schmitz, Hans Peter. 2002. From Lobbying to Shaming: The Evolution of Human Rights Activism since the 1940s. Paper presented at the International Studies Association Meeting, New Orleans, La.Google Scholar
Spar, Debora L. 1998. The Spotlight and the Bottom Line: How Multinationals Export Human Rights. Foreign Affairs 77 (2):7–12.Google Scholar
Welch, Claude E., ed. 2001. NGOs and Human Rights: Promise and Performance. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Wintour, Patrick. 2014. David Cameron says he would oppose boycott of Israel in speech to Knesset. Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 13 March (Web 21 March).Google Scholar
Wintrobe, Ronald. 1998. The Political Economy of Dictatorship, Vol. 6. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, Reed M. 2008. ‘A Hand upon the Throat of the Nation’: Economic Sanctions and State Repression, 1976–2001. International Studies Quarterly 52 (3):489–513.Google Scholar
Yaziji, Michael, and Doh, Jonathan. 2009. NGOs and Corporations: Conflict and Collaboration. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: Link

Peterson et al. Dataset

Dataset

https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/ETKANT
Link
Supplementary material: PDF

Peterson supplementary material

Appendix

Download Peterson supplementary material(PDF)
PDF 220.9 KB