Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T21:24:12.948Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Utilization of ileal digestible amino acids by growing pigs: Effect of dietary lysine concentration on efficiency of lysine retention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

E. S. Batterham ,
L. M. Andersen ,
D. R. Baigent  and
E. White
E. S. Batterham
Affiliation:
NSW Agriculture and Fisheries, North Coast Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2480, Australia
L. M. Andersen
Affiliation:
NSW Agriculture and Fisheries, North Coast Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2480, Australia
D. R. Baigent
Affiliation:
NSW Agriculture and Fisheries, North Coast Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2480, Australia
E. White
Affiliation:
NSW Agriculture and Fisheries, North Coast Agricultural Institute, Wollongbar, New South Wales 2480, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Diets were formulated using sugar, soya-bean meal and free amino acids to contain 0.1–0.8 lysine/MJ digestible energy (DE) and offered at three times maintenance to male and female pigs from 20 to 45 kg live weight. Growth responses and retentions of protein, fat, energy and lysine were assessed. Increasing the dietary lysine concentration resulted in significant (P < 0.001) linear and curvilinear increases in growth rates and decreases in food conversion ratios. There was only a small effect of lysine concentration on total energy retention, but a substantial effect on the partitioning of energy deposition, with increases in the rate of protein deposition and decreases in fat retention. There was no difference in the efficiency of protein deposition between male and female pigs but males responded more to higher lysine concentrations than females (estimated 0.93 and 0.74 g lysine/MJ DE for males and females respectively). Lysine concentration in the protein deposited by the pigs increased linearly and curvilinearly (P < 0.01) from 5.8 to 6.6 g lysine/16 g N with increasing dietary lysine concentration. There was a linear and quadratic response (P < 0.001) in retention of ileal digestible lysine, with the minimum retention of 0.16 occurring at 0.1 g lysine/MJ DE and increasing to a maximum retention of 0.73 at a dietary concentration of 0.47 g lysine/MJ DE. The efficiency of lysine retained/ileal digestible lysine intake was 0.86 and the endogenous lysine loss was estimated at 0.94 g/d.

Keywords

IIeal digestible lysineLysineSoya–bean mealPig
Type
Digestion, Absorption and Utilization of Nutrients
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , July 1990 , pp. 81 - 94
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1990

References

Agricultural Research Council (1981). The Nutrient Requirements of Pigs. Slough: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux.Google Scholar
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1984). Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 14th ed. Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.Google Scholar
Batterham, E. S., Andersen, L. M., Baigent, D. R., Darnell, R. E. & Taverner, M. R. (1990). A comparison of the availability and ileal digestibility of lysine in cottonseed and soya-bean meals for grower/finisher pigs. British Journal of Nutrition (In the Press).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batterham, E. S. & Murison, R. D. (1981). Utilization of free lysine by growing pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 46, 87–92.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batterham, E. S., Murison, R. D. & Andersen, L. M. (1984). Availability of lysine in protein concentrates as determined by the slope-ratio assay with growing pigs and rats and by chemical techniques. British Journal of Nutrition 51, 85–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Black, J. L., Campbell, R. G., Williams, I. H., James, K. J. & Davies, G. T. (1986). Simulation of energy and amino acid utilisation in the pig. Research and Development in Agriculture 3, 121–145.Google Scholar
Bolton, S. C. & Miller, E. L. (1985). The efficiency of utilization of lysine by weanling rats. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 44, 132A.Google Scholar
Burlacu, G., Baia, G., Ionila, D., Moisa, D., Tascenco, V., Visan, I. & Stoica, I. (1973). Efficiency of the utilization of energy of food in piglets after weaning. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 81, 295–302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, R. G., Taverner, M. R. & Rayner, C. J. (1988). The tissue and dietary protein and amino acid requirements of pigs from 8.0 to 20.0 kg live weight. Animal Production 46, 283–290.Google Scholar
Degussa, AG (1986). Determination of tryptophan in raw materials and feedstuffs after alkaline hydrolysis and HPLC detection. Analysis, A5, Hanau I: Degussa AG.Google Scholar
Fuller, M. F. & Wang, T. C. (1987). Amino acid requirements of the growing pig. In Manipulating Pig Production, pp. 97–111 [Barnett, J. L., Batterham, E. S., Cronin, G. M., Hansen, C., Hemsworth, P. H., Hennessy, D. P., Hughes, P. E., Johnston, N. E. and King, R. H., editors]. Ferntree Gully: JLF Promotions.Google Scholar
Gehrke, C. W., Rexroad, P. R., Schisla, R. M., Absheer, J. S. & Zumwalt, R. W. (1987). Quantitative analysis of cystine, methionine, lysine and nine other amino acids by a single oxidation –4 hour hydrolysis method. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 70, 171–174.Google ScholarPubMed
George, S. A., McAlpine, B., Elliott, R. & Batterham, E. S. (1987). Determination of protein and energy in pig carcasses using near infra-red reflectance spectrophotometry. In Manipulating Pig Production, p. 154 [Barnett, J. L., Batterham, E. S., Cronin, G. M., Hansen, C., Hemsworth, P. H., Hennessy, D. P., Hughes, P. E., Johnston, N. E. and King, R. H., editors]. Ferntree Gully: JLF Promotions.Google Scholar
Giles, L. R., Batterham, E. S., Dettmann, E. B. & Lowe, R. F. (1987). Amino acid and energy interactions in growing pigs. 3. Effects of sex and live weight and cereal on the responses to dietary lysine concentration when fed ad libitum or to a restricted food scale on diets based on wheat or barley. Animal Production 45, 493–502.Google Scholar
Hughes, G. J. & Wilson, K. J. (1982). Amino acid analyses using isocratic and gradient elution modes on Kontron AS-70 (7 μm) resin. Journal of Chromatography 242, 337–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jelic, T. (1977). Effect of different amounts of protein and lysine in the diet on the performance, nitrogen retention and amino acid content in the protein of muscle tissue of pigs. Arciv za Poljoprivredne Nauke 109, 101–132.Google Scholar
Jordan, J. W. & Brown, W. O. (1970). The retention of energy and protein in the baby pig fed on cows milk. In Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals, pp. 161–164 [Schurch, A. and Wenk, C., editors]. Zurich: Juris Druck and Verlag.Google Scholar
Leibholz, J. (1985). An evaluation of total and digestible lysine as a predictor of lysine availability in protein concentrates for young pigs. British Journal of Nutrition 53, 615–624.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Standing Committee on Agriculture (1987). Feeding Standards for Australian Livestock. Pigs. East Melbourne: CSIRO.Google Scholar
Zebrowska, T. & Kotarbinska, M. (1972). Digestibility and retention of lysine estimated by the balance and carcass methods in growing pigs. Zeszyty Problemowe Postepow Nauk Rolniczych 126, 123–127.Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Partridge, I. G. & Mitchell, K. G. (1986). The effect of dietary energy level and protein: energy ratio on nitrogen and energy balance, performance and carcass composition of pigs weaned at 3 weeks of age. Animal Production 42, 389–395.Google Scholar