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Use of guanidinated dietary protein to measure losses of endogenous amino acids in poultry

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

P. Siriwan ,
W. L. Bryden  and
E. F. Annison
P. Siriwan
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Sydney, Camden, N.S. W., Australia
W. L. Bryden
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Sydney, Camden, N.S. W., Australia
E. F. Annison
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, University of Sydney, Camden, N.S. W., Australia
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Abstract

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Guanidinated proteins when fed to non-ruminants provide values for both endogenous amino acid losses and amino acid digestibilities, provided that the homoarginine residues in the treated protein are randomly distributed. Earlier studies have established that guanidination has only minor effects on the structure of the protein and, in particular, on its susceptibility to proteolysis. Furthermore, we have confirmed that homoarginine behaves as a typical amino acid in the small intestine. Lysine residues in casein and soya-bean protein, and in the proteins of cotton-seed meal, meat meal, soya-bean meal, maize, sorghum and wheat were converted to homoarginine by guanidination, the extent of conversion ranging from 37–68%. Sequential proteolysis in vitro of these guanidinated materials showed that the ratios of homoarginine to other amino acids remained unchanged for casein and soya-bean protein, indicating random distribution of homoarginine residues, but not for all the amino acids in meals and cereals. The use of guanidinated casein as the sole protein source in diets fed to broiler chickens allowed measurement of endogenous losses of amino acids under normal feeding conditions and calculation of true digestibilities of dietary amino acids at the ileum. Endogenous amino acid losses measured by the use of guanidinated casein (15.3 g/kg dry matter (DM) intake) were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than values obtained by feeding a N-free diet (5.4 g/kg DM intake), or by regression analysis to zero N intake (72 g/kg DM intake)

Keywords

Endogenous amino acidsAmino acid digestibilityHomoarginineGuanidinationPoultry
Type
Amino acid utilization
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 71 , Issue 4 , April 1994 , pp. 515 - 529
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

References

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