Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T09:00:18.537Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Uniformly 14C-labelled plant cell walls: Production, analysis and behaviour in rat gastrointestinal tract

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

D. F. Gray ,
S. C. Fry  and
M. A. Eastwood
D. F. Gray
Affiliation:
Centre for Plant Science, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU
S. C. Fry
Affiliation:
Centre for Plant Science, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JH
M. A. Eastwood
Affiliation:
Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Uniformly 14C-labelled primary cell walls (14C-PCW) were purified from suspension-cultured cells of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown in a medium containing D-[U-14C]glucose. The approximate polymer composition of the 14C-PCW preparation (% total 14C) was homogalacturonan 30,rhamnogalacturonan 23, xyloglucan 10, other hemicelluloses 3, cellulose 21, lignin 0,14C-labelled protein < 3 and [14C]starch < 2. The degree of methyl esterification of the pectic polysaccharides was about 25%. The 14C-PCW contained about 4% O-acetyl and 3% non-volatile ester-linked residues. When tracer levels of these 14C-PCW were fed to rats, only about 18% of the 14C appeared in the faeces;negligible levels of 14C (0.07%) remained in the gut contents 4 d after feeding. Some 14C was present in the carcass. The results show that U-14C-labelled primary cell walls can be purified and radiochemically analysed by the methods developed here, and that primary cell walls are extensively fermented by the gut microflora of the rat.

Keywords

Dietary fibrePlant cell wallsFermentationRat
Type
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 69 , Issue 1 , January 1993 , pp. 177 - 188
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

REFERENCES

Bonhomme-Florentin, A. (1988). Degradation of hemicellulose and pectin by horse caecum contents. British Journal of Nutrition 60, 185–192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carryer, P. W., Brown, M. L., Malagelada, J.-R., Carlson, G. L. & McCall, J. T. (1982). Quantification of the fate of dietary fiber in humans by a newly developed radiolabeled fiber marker. Gastroenterology 82, 1389–1394.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deuel, H. & Stutz, E. (1958). Pectic substances and pectic enzymes. Advances in Enzymology 20, 341–382.Google ScholarPubMed
Eastwood, M. A. (1987). Dietary fibre and the risk of cancer. Nutrition Reviews 45, 193–198.Google Scholar
Eastwood, M. A., Brydon, W. G. & Anderson, D. M. W. (1986). The effect of the polysaccharide composition and structure of dietary fibers in cecal fermentation and fecal excretion. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 44, 51–55.Google Scholar
Englyst, H. N., Hay, S. & Macfarlane, G. T. (1987). Polysaccharide breakdown by mixed populations of human faecal bacteria. FEMS Microbiological Ecology 95, 163–171.Google Scholar
Englyst, H. N., Wiggins, H. S. & Cumming, J. H. (1982). Determination of the non-starch polysaccharides in plant foods by gas-liquid chromatography of the constituent sugars as alditol acetates. Analyst 107, 307–318.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fry, S. C. (1982). Phenolic components of the primary cell wall: feruloylated disaccharides of D-galactose and L-arabinose from spinach polysaccharide. Biochemical Journal 203, 493–504.Google Scholar
Fry, S. C. (1983). Feruloylated pectins from the primary cell wall: their structure and possible functions. Planta 157, 111–123.Google Scholar
Fry, S. C. (1986). Cross-linking of matrix polymers in the growing cell walls of angiosperms. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 37, 165–186.Google Scholar
Fry, S. C. (1988). The Growing Plant Cell Wall: Chemical and Metabolic Analysis. Longman: London.Google Scholar
Fry, S. C. (1989). The structure and functions of xyloglucan. Journal of Experimental Botany 40, 1–11.Google Scholar
Fry, S. C. (1991). Cell wall-bound proteins. In Methods in Plant Biochemistry, vol. 5, pp. 307–331 [Rogers, L. J., editor]. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Fry, S. C. & Street, H. E. (1980). Gibberellin-sensitive suspension cultures. Plant Physiology 65, 472–477.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gray, D. F. (1989). The fermentation of 14C-plant cell walls in the rat gastrointestinal tract. PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh.Google Scholar
Hosoya, N., Dhorranintra, B. & Hidaka, H. (1988). Ultilization of [U-14C]fructooligosaccharides in man as energy resources. Journal of Clinical and Biochemical Nutrition 5, 67–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoverstad, T., Bøhmer, T. & Fausa, O. (1982). Absorption of short-chain fatty acids from the human colon measured by the 14CO, breath test. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 17, 373–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelleher, J., Walters, M. P., Srinivasan, G. R., Hart, G., Findlay, J. M. & Lowowsky, M. S. (1984). Degradation of cellulose within the gastrointestinal tract of man. Gut 25, 811–815.Google Scholar
McNeil, M., Darvill, A. G., Fry, S. C. & Albersheim, P. (1984). Structure and function of the primary cell walls of plants. Annual Review of Biochemistry 53, 625–663.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Northcote, D. H. (1972). Chemistry of the plant cell wall. Annual Review of plant Physiology 23, 113–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Neill, M., Albersheim, P. & Darvill, A. G. (1990). The pectic polysaccharides of primary cell walls. In Methods in Plant Biochemistry, vol. 2, pp. 415–441 [Dey, P. M., editor]. London: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prynne, C. J. & Southgate, D. A. T. (1979). The effects of a supplement of dietary fibre on faecal excretion in human subjects. British Journal of Nutrition 41, 495–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Selvendran, R. R., Stevens, B. J. H. & O'Neill, M. A. (1985). Developments in the isolation and analysis of cell walls from edible plants. In Biochemistry of Plant Cell Walls, pp. 39–78 [Brett, C. T. and Hillman, J. R., editors]. Cambridge: University Press.Google Scholar
Stephen, A. M., Wiggins, H. S. & Cummings, J. H. (1987). Effect of changing transit time on colonic microbial metabolism in man. Gut 28, 601–609.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Trowell, H. C. & Burkitt, D. P. (1987). The development of the concept of dietary fibre. In Dietary Fibre in Health and Disease, [McLean, B. I. and Ornstein, M. H., editors]. Oxford: Pergamon.Google Scholar
Walters, M. P., Kelleher, J., Findlay, J. M. & Srinivasan, S. T. (1989). Preparation and characterization of a [14C]cellulose suitable for human metabolic studies. British Journal of Nutrition 62, 121–129.Google Scholar
York, W. S., Oates, J. E., van Halbeek, H., Albersheim, P., Tiller, P. R. & Dell, A. (1988). Location of the O-acetyl substituents on a nonasaccharide repeating unit of sycamore extracellular xyloglucan. Carbohydrate Research 173, 113–132.Google Scholar