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A study on lipid metabolism in heart and liver of cholesterol-and pectin-fed rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Sofie Hexeberg ,
Erik Hexeberg ,
Nina Willumsen  and
Rolf K. Berge
Sofie Hexeberg
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, N-5009 Bergen, Norway
Erik Hexeberg
Affiliation:
Department of Surgery, Division of Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Haukeland Sykehus, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
Nina Willumsen
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biology, Division of Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Haukeland Sykehus, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
Rolf K. Berge
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Biology, Division of Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Haukeland Sykehus, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
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Abstract

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Pectin is known as a cholesterol-reducing dietary fibre, and in the present study we addressed the question whether pectin affected the quantity of lipid in droplets in the myocardial cells and of lipid in the liver cells. Male Wistar rats received either a diet containing cholesterol or a standard diet without cholesterol with 0, 50 or 100 g pectin/kg incorporated for 10 d. The fractional volume of lipid droplets in the myocardial cells decreased as a function of pectin dose in both the standard-fed and the cholesterol-fed rats. Serum cholesterol was significantly reduced in both groups after addition of 100 g pectin/kg diet. The cholesterol diet increased the liver cholesterol level, and 100 g pectin/kg diet resulted in a lower concentration of liver cholesterol in the cholesterol-fed animals, but the influence on standard-fed rats was modest. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.88; HMG-CoA reductase) activity-increased when pectin was given in the standard diet. Liver triacylglycerol level increased after cholesterol and pectin feeding. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (EC 3.1.3.4) activity tended to decrease, whereas the peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation and acyl-CoA oxidase activity were unchanged. Increased hepatic triacylglycerol content by cholesterol and pectin treatment may be due to inhibited mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation along with increased availability of fatty acid for esterification and triacylglycerol synthesis. The presence of pectin in the diets of cholesterol-fed rats resulted in increased hepatic concentration of triacylglycerols and increased mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. In this case the hepatic accumulation of triacylglycerol may be mediated by a reduced efflux of triacylglycerols from the liver.

Keywords

PectinCholesterolCardiomyocytesRat
Type
Effects of pectin and cholesterol on lipid metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 71 , Issue 2 , February 1994 , pp. 181 - 192
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1994

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