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A seasonal variation of calcitropic hormones, bone turnover and bone mineral density in early and mid-puberty girls – a cross-sectional study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Heli T. Viljakainen ,
Anette Palssa ,
Merja Kärkkäinen ,
Jette Jakobsen ,
Kevin D. Cashman ,
Christian Mølgaard  and
Christel Lamberg-Allardt
Heli T. Viljakainen*
Affiliation:
Calcium Research Unit, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Anette Palssa
Affiliation:
Calcium Research Unit, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Merja Kärkkäinen
Affiliation:
Calcium Research Unit, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Jette Jakobsen
Affiliation:
Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research, Søborg, Denmark
Kevin D. Cashman
Affiliation:
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College, Cork, Ireland
Christian Mølgaard
Affiliation:
The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University ResearchDepartment of Human NutritionFrederiksberg C, Denmark
Christel Lamberg-Allardt
Affiliation:
Calcium Research Unit, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Heli T. Viljakainen, fax +358 9 19158269, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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The importance of the seasonal variation of calcitropic hormones to growing skeleton has not been established. We studied whether there exists a seasonal variation in calcitropic hormones, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone remodelling markers in early puberty girls. One hundred and ninety-six girls, mean age 11·4 (sd 0·4) years, in Tanner stage 2 (early puberty) and 3 (mid-puberty) were studied during September to March. The BMD was measured from the lumbar vertebrae and the left femur by dual-energy X-ray absoptiometry. Their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25-OHD), serum intact parathyroid hormone (S-iPTH), serum osteocalcin, urinary pyridinoline and urinary deoxypyridinoline were analysed from fasting samples. The concentration of S-25-OHD and serum osteocalcin differed among months (p<0·01), reflecting a seasonal variation. The parathyroid hormone correlated negatively with S-25-OHD (r −0·325, p<0·001). Moreover, the BMD in the femur (p=0·047) and to a lesser extent in vertebrae (p=0·057) differed between months in early puberty girls but this was not seen in mid-puberty. Seasonal variation in S-25-OHD and bone remodelling markers accompanied by negative correlation between S-25-OHD and S-iPTH was seen in this cross-sectional study of adolescent girls. In addition, the seasonal rhythm contributed 7·0–7·6% difference in the BMD of lumbar vertebrae and left femur in early puberty girls. This variation should be avoided since it could hamper peak bone mass attainment.

Keywords

Seasonal variation25-Hydroxyvitamin DBone mineral densityBone remodelling markersAdolescent girlsCross-sectional study
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 96 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 124 - 130
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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