Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T01:51:53.915Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Prevention of oxidative damage in the rat jejunal mucosa by pectin

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Ron Kohen ,
Vered Shadmi ,
Angel Kakunda  and
Abraham Rubinstein
Ron Kohen
Affiliation:
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Pharmacy, PO Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Vered Shadmi
Affiliation:
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Pharmacy, PO Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Angel Kakunda
Affiliation:
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Pharmacy, PO Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Abraham Rubinstein
Affiliation:
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Pharmacy, PO Box 12065, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The role of the soluble non-starch polysaccharide pectin in the prevention of oxidative damage induced by peroxy, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals to the rat jejunal mucosa was studied. The oxidative stress was introduced to the rat jejunal mucosa by means of a closed-loop perfusion system and was characterized biochemically by monitoring the enterocyte activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1·1·1·27) and the K+ level. Aqueous solutions of pectin were perfused into the rat jejunum before the oxidative stress inducers. The possible protection effect was evaluated by comparing the mucosal integrity (as measured by biochemical variables) to the values obtained after perfusion with the oxidative stress inducers only. We found that: (a) mucosal damage was detected following the perfusion of peroxy and hydroxyl radicals in the rat jejunum, but not following perfusion of the superoxide radical; (b) a significant reduction in the mucosal damage was noted when pectin was perfused before the perfusion with the peroxy radical induction; (c) full protection against the mucosal damage induced by hydroxyl radicals was achieved when pectin was perfused before the damage induction.

Keywords

Oxidative stressMucosal damageFree radicalsPectinAntioxidants
Type
Prevention Against Oxidative Damage of the Mucosa
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 69 , Issue 3 , May 1993 , pp. 789 - 800
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

Ames, B. N. (1983). Dietary carcinogens and anticarcinogens. Science 221, 1256–1263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ames, B. N., Cathcart, R., Schwiers, E. & Hochstein, P. (1981). Uric acid provides an antioxidant defense in humans against oxidant- and radical-caused aging and cancer: A hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 78, 6858–6862.Google Scholar
Ames, B. N. & Saul, R. L. (1985). Oxidative DNA damage, aging and cancer. In Diet and Human Carcinogenesis, pp. 25–34 [Joossens, J. V., Hill, M. J. & Geboers, J., editors]. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Anderson, J. W. (1985). Physiological and metabolic effects of dietary fiber. Federation Proceedings 44,2902–2906.Google ScholarPubMed
Bauer, H. G., Asp, N.-G., Dahlqvist, A., Fredlund, P. E., Nyman, M. & Oste, R. (1981). Effects of two kinds of pectins and guar gum on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine initiation of colon tumors and on fecal β-glucuronidase activity in the rat. Cancer Research 41, 2518–2523.Google Scholar
Bijlani, R. L. (1985). Dietary fibre: consensus and controversy. Progress in Food and Nutrition Science 9, 343–393.Google ScholarPubMed
Blackburn, N.A. & Johnson, I. T. (1983). The influence of guar gum on the movements of inulin, glucose and fluid in rat intestine during perfusion in vivo. Z'flügers Archiv 397, 144–148.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, R. C., Kelleher, J. & Losowsky, M. S. (1979). The effect of pectin on the structure and function of the rat small intestine. British Journal of Nutrition 42, 357–365.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Burkitt, D. P. (1971). Epidemiology of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 28, 3–13.3.0.CO;2-N>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chance, B., Sies, H. & Boveris, A. (1979). Hydroperoxide metabolism in mammalian organs. Physiological Reviews 59, 527–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cross, C. E., Halliwell, B. & Allen, A. (1984). Antioxidant protection: a function of tracheobronchial and gastrointestinal mucus. Lancet i, 1328–1330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cummings, J. H., Southgate, D. A. T., Branch, W. J. & Wiggins, H. S. (1979). The digestion of pectin in human gut and its effect on calcium absorption and large bowel function. British Journal of Nutrition 41, 477–485.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Esterbauer, H., Zollner, H. & Schaur, R. J. (1988). Hydroxyalkenals: cytotoxic products of lipid peroxidation. ISI Atlas of Scientific Biochemistry 1, 311–315.Google Scholar
Flourie, B., Vidon, N., Florent, C. & Bernier, J. J. (1984). Effect of pectin on jejunal glucose absorption and unstirred layer thickness in normal man. Gut 25, 936–941.Google ScholarPubMed
Granger, D. N., Hernandez, L. A. & Grisham, M. B. (1986). Reactive oxygen metabolites: mediators of cell injury in the digestive system. Viewpoints of Digestive Diseases 18, 13–16.Google Scholar
Grass, G. M. & Sweetana, S. A. (1988). In vitro measurement of gastrointestinal tissue permeability using a new diffusion cell. Pharmaceutical Research 5, 372–316.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grisham, M. B., Riter, C., Smith, B. F., Lamont, J. T. & Granger, D. N. (1987). Interaction between oxygen radicals and gastric mucine. American Journal of Physiology 253, G93–G96.Google Scholar
Halliwell, B. (1989). Free radicals, reactive oxygen species and human disease: a critical evaluation with special reference to atherosclerosis. British Journal of Experimental Pathology, 70, 731–757.Google ScholarPubMed
Halliwell, B. (1990). How to characterize a biological antioxidant. Free Radicals Research Communications 9, 1–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Halliwell, B. & Gutteridge, J. M. C. (editors) (1985). Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford, Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Jacobs, L. R. (1983). Effect of dietary fiber on mucosal growth and cell proliferation in the small intestine of the rat: a comparison of oat bran, pectin and guar with total fiber deprivation. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 37, 954–960.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinlen, L. J. (1983). Fat and cancer. British Medical Journal 286, 1081–1082.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Korbashi, P., Kohen, R., Katzhendler, J. & Chevion, M. (1986). Iron mediates paraquat toxicity in Escherichia coli. Journal of Biologica1 Chemistry 261, 12472–12476.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lewis, L. D. & Fordtran, J. S. (1975). Effect of perfusion rate on absorption, surface area, unstirred water layer thickness, permeability, and intraluminal pressure in the rat ileum in vivo. Gastroenterology 68, 1509–1516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lutsky, I., Aizer, F. & Mor, N. (1984). The Sabra rat: Definition of a laboratory animal. Israel Journal of Medical Sciences 20, 603–612.Google ScholarPubMed
Navok, T. & Chevion, M. (1984). Transition metals mediate enzymatic inactivation caused by favism-inducing agents. Biochemistry and Biophysics Resrearch Communications 122, 297–301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oliver, C. N., Ahn, B., Moermant, E. J., Goldstein, S. & Stadtman, E. R. (1987). Age-related changes in oxidized proteins. Journal of Biological Chemistry 262, 5488–5491.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pryor, W. A. (ed.) (1976). Free Radicals in Biology. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Samuni, A., Winkelsberg, D., Pinson, A., Hahn, S. M., Mitchel, J. B. & Russo, A. (1991). Nitroxide stable radicals protect beating cardiomyocytes against oxidative damage. Journal of Clinical Investigation 87, 1526–1530.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Szabo, S. & Pfiffer, C. J. (1989). Ulcer Disease: New Aspecrs of Pathogenesis and Pharmacology. Boca Raton: CRC.Google Scholar
Towle, G.A. & Christensen, O. (1973). Pectin. In Indusrrial Gums, Polysaccharides and their Derivatives, pp. 429–461 [Whistler, R. L. and BeMiller, J. N., editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Trowell, H. & Burkitt, D. P. (1985). Dietury Fiber, Fiber-Depleted Foods and Disease [Heaton, K., editor]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Watanabe, K., Reddy, B. S., Weisburger, J. H. & Kritchevsky, D. (1979). Effect of alfalfa, pectin, and wheat bran on azoxymethane-methylnitrosourea-induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats. Journal of National Cancer Institute 63, 141–145.Google ScholarPubMed
Wolfgang, G. H., Holly, R. A., Donarski, W. J. & Petry, T. W. (1991). Inhibition of diquat-induced lipid peroxidation and toxicity in precision-cut rat liver slices by novel antioxidants. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 108, 321–329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yamamoto, Y., Niki, E., Eguchi, J., Kamiya, Y. & Shamasaki, H. (1985). Oxidation of biological membranes and its inhibition. Free radical chain oxidation of erythrocyte ghost membrane by oxygen. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 819, 29–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed