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Postnatal regulation of myosin heavy chain isoform expression and metabolic enzyme activity by nutrition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

P. White ,
D. Cattaneo  and
M. J. Dauncey
P. White
Affiliation:
The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, UK
D. Cattaneo
Affiliation:
The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, UK
M. J. Dauncey*
Affiliation:
The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB2 4AT, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Dr M. J. Dauncey, fax +44 (0) 1223 496032, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Development of muscle is critically dependent on several hormones which in turn are regulated by nutritional status. We therefore determined the impact of mild postnatal undernutrition on key markers of myofibre function: type I slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform, myosin ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase and α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. In situ hybridization, immunocytochemistry and enzyme histochemistry were used to assess functionally distinct muscles from 6-week-old pigs which had been fed an optimal (6 % (60 g food/kg body weight per d)) or low (2 % (20 g food/kg per d)) intake for 3 weeks, and kept at 26°C. Nutritional status had striking muscle-specific influences on contractile and metabolic properties of myofibres, and especially on myosin isoform expression. A low food intake upregulated slow MyHC mRNA and protein levels in rhomboideus by 53 % (P < 0·01) and 18 % (P < 0·05) respectively; effects in longissimus dorsi, soleus and diaphragm were not significant. The oxidative capacity of all muscles increased on the low intake, albeit to varying extents: longissimus dorsi (55 %), rhomboideus (30 %), soleus (21 %), diaphragm (7 %). Proportions of slow oxidative fibres increased at the expense of fast glycolytic fibres. These novel findings suggest a critical role for postnatal nutrition in regulating myosin gene expression and muscle phenotype. They have important implications for optimal development of human infants: on a low intake, energetic efficiency will increase and the integrated response to many metabolic and growth hormones will alter, since both are dependent on myofibre type. Mechanisms underlying these changes probably involve complex interactions between hormones acting as nutritional signals and differential effects on their cell membrane receptors or nuclear receptors.

Keywords

Energy balanceMyosin heavy chain isoformsRespiratory enzymesSkeletal muscle developmentUndernutrition
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue 2 , August 2000 , pp. 185 - 194
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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