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Nutritional ocular diseases and their association with diarrhoea in Matlab, Bangladesh

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Moslem Uddin Khan ,
MD. Emdadul Haque  and
Matiar Rahman Khan
Moslem Uddin Khan
Affiliation:
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-2, Bangladesh
MD. Emdadul Haque
Affiliation:
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-2, Bangladesh
Matiar Rahman Khan
Affiliation:
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPO Box 128, Dhaka-2, Bangladesh
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Abstract

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1. The prevalence of visual defects, especially from causes associated with nutritional deficiencies, and their relation to diarrhoea in rural Bangladesh have been studied. A trained physician and a team of health workers examined visual defects in 149 villages, with a total population of 182976.

2. According to WHO classification, night blindness (XN) was found in only 0.03 persons/1000 population and 0.04 were found to have conjunctival xerosis (XIA) and Bitot's spot (XIB). Corneal xerosis (X2, X3A, X3B) also was found in 0.04 persons/1000. Night blindness combined with conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spot (XN + XIA + XIB) was present in 1.69 persons/1000 and all combined stages of active xerophthalmia were seen in 0.06 persons/1000. Xerophthalmia prevailed up to age 19 years. Males had a significantly higher (2.9) incidence/1000 than did females (1.2).

3. The total rate of keratomalacial scar for all ages was 0.31 persons/1000, while corneal opacity from other causes was seen in 2.25 persons/1000 population.

4. More than 2.06 persons/1000 had ocular manifestations of one or more vitamin A deficiencies, while 4.47 persons/1000 had other ocular diseases, except for cataracts.

5. Only 12.0% of all the corneal scars (XS) were due to keratomalacia.

6. History of night blindness is a good indicator of vitamin A deficiency. In 96% of cases, night blindness was associated with conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spot (XN + XIA + XIB).

7. The onset of approximately 86% of cases of corneal xerosis (X2, X3A, X3B) and night blindness associated with conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spot (XN + XIA + XIB) was related to diarrhoea.

Type
Papers of direct relevance to Clinical and Human Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , July 1984 , pp. 1 - 9
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1984

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