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Nutrition and cellular immunity in hospital patients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Pauline S. Dowd ,
J. Kelleher ,
B. E. Walker  and
P. J. Guillou
Pauline S. Dowd
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Sciences Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF
J. Kelleher
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Sciences Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF
B. E. Walker
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Sciences Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF
P. J. Guillou
Affiliation:
Departments of Medicine and Surgery, Clinical Sciences Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF
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Abstract

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1. The interrelations between nutritional and ccllular immune function measurements were studied in seventy patients suffering from various degrees of malnutrition. They included patients with liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, neoplastic disease, neurological patients, post-operative surgical patients and patients with respiratory problems.

2. Nutritional measurements included: anthropometry, serum proteins, various vitamins and trace elements, and a prognostic nutritional index (PNI) was calculated.

3. Immunological measurements included: (1) natural killer (NK) cell activity, (2) antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), (3) lymphocyte proliferation in response to the mitogens concanavalin A (Con A), phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) in both AB and autologous serum.

4. There was no association between anthropometric measurements and tests of immune function.

5. The lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogenic stimulation in the malnourished patients was depressed in autologous serum compared with the response of the same lymphocytes in pooled AB serum. The lymphocyte proliferation in response to Con A correlated with transferrin in autologous serum (r 0.46, n 49, P < 0.0 I ) and to a lesser extent in AB serum (r 0.33, n 51, P < 0.05). There was a difference in the Con A-stimulated tritiated-thymidine uptake between patients with low and normal serum zinc levels (P < 0.05) for cultures performed in autologous serum, but not AB serum.

6. There was a significant correlation between NK cell activity and vitamin C (r 0.43, n 60, P < 0.01). There was no relation between nutritional measurements and ADCC or the lymphocyte response to stimulation with PHA or PWM.

7. The results suggest that the severity of overall malnutrition does not influence several different aspects of the cellular immune response. However, the results do suggest that certain individual nutrients, particularly vitamin C and Zn, do influence the immunoreactivity of different lymphocyte subpopulations.

Type
Papers of direct relevance to Clinical and Human Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 55 , Issue 3 , May 1986 , pp. 515 - 527
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1986

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