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A novel high-amylose barley cultivar (Hordeum vulgare var. Himalaya 292) lowers plasma cholesterol and alters indices of large-bowel fermentation in pigs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Anthony R. Bird ,
Michelle Jackson ,
Roger A. King ,
Debra A. Davies ,
Sylvia Usher  and
David L. Topping
Anthony R. Bird*
Affiliation:
CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide BC 5000, Australia
Michelle Jackson
Affiliation:
CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide BC 5000, Australia
Roger A. King
Affiliation:
CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide BC 5000, Australia
Debra A. Davies
Affiliation:
CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide BC 5000, Australia
Sylvia Usher
Affiliation:
CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide BC 5000, Australia
David L. Topping
Affiliation:
CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide BC 5000, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: Dr A. R. Bird, fax +61 8 8303 8899, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Hordeum vulgare var. Himalaya 292 is a new barley cultivar with altered starch synthesis and less total starch but more amylose, resistant starch (RS) and total and soluble NSP including β-glucan. To determine its nutritional potential, young pigs were fed diets containing stabilised wholegrain flours from either Himalaya 292, Namoi (a commercial barley), wheat bran or oat bran at equivalent dietary NSP concentrations for 21 d. Serum total cholesterol was significantly lowered by the Himalaya 292 diet relative to wheat bran, indicating that Himalaya 292 retained its hypocholesterolaemic potential. In all groups SCFA concentrations were highest in the proximal colon and decreased towards the rectum. Digesta pH was lowest in the proximal colon and highest in the distal colon. Large-bowel and faecal pH were significantly lower in the pigs fed the barley and oat diets, indicating greater bacterial fermentation. Caecal and proximal colonic pH was lowest and SCFA pools highest in the pigs fed Himalaya 292. Total and individual SCFA were lowest in the mid- and distal colon of the pigs fed Himalaya 292 or oat bran. These data suggest the presence of more RS in Himalaya 292 and suggest that its fermentation was rapid relative to transit. Differences in faecal and large-bowel anaerobic, aerobic, coliform and lactic acid bacteria were relatively small, indicating a lack of a specific prebiotic action. These data support the potential of this novel barley cultivar to improve health through plasma cholesterol reduction and increased large-bowel SCFA production.

Keywords

BacteriaDietary fibrePlasma cholesterolStarchBarley
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 92 , Issue 4 , October 2004 , pp. 607 - 615
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2004

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