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NMR-based metabonomic studies reveal changes in the biochemical profile ofplasma and urine from pigs fed high-fibre rye bread

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Hanne C. Bertram ,
Knud E. Bach Knudsen ,
Anja Serena ,
Anders Malmendal ,
Niels Chr. Nielsen ,
Xavier C. Fretté  and
Henrik J. Andersen
Hanne C. Bertram*
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Knud E. Bach Knudsen
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Health, Welfare and Nutrition, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Anja Serena
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Health, Welfare and Nutrition, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Anders Malmendal
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Niels Chr. Nielsen
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Xavier C. Fretté
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
Henrik J. Andersen
Affiliation:
Department of Food Science, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Hanne C. Bertram, fax +45 89 99 15 64, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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This study presents an NMR-based metabonomic approach to elucidate the overall endogenous biochemical effects of a wholegrain diet. Two diets with similar levels of dietary fibre and macronutrients, but with contrasting levels of wholegrain ingredients, were prepared from wholegrain rye (wholegrain diet (WGD)) and non-wholegrain wheat (non-wholegrain diet (NWD)) and fed to four pigs in a crossover design. Plasma samples were collected after 7 d on each diet, and 1H NMR spectra were acquired on these. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (PLSDA) on spectra obtained for plasma samples revealed that the spectral region at 3·25 parts per million dominates the differentiation between the two diets, as the WGD is associated with higher spectral intensity in this region. Spiking experiments and LC–MS analyses of the plasma verified that this spectral difference could be ascribed to a significantly higher content of betaine in WGD plasma samples compared with NWD samples. In an identical study with the same diets, urine samples were collected, and1H NMR spectra were acquired on these. PLS-DA on spectra obtained for urine samples revealed changes in the intensities of spectral regions, which could be ascribed to differences in the content of betaine and creatine/creatinine between the two diets, and LC–MS analyses verified a significantly lower content of creatinine in WGD urine samples compared with NWD urine samples. In conclusion, using an explorative approach, the present studies disclosed biochemical effects of a wholegrain diet on plasma betaine content and excretion of betaine and creatinine.

Keywords

NMRBetaineCreatinineWholegrainMetabolomics
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 5 , May 2006 , pp. 955 - 962
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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