Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-8kt4b Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-03T11:39:31.476Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Kinetics of allantoin metabolism in sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

L. P. Kahn  and
J. V. Nolan
L. P. Kahn*
Affiliation:
School of Rural Science and Natural Resources, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
J. V. Nolan
Affiliation:
School of Rural Science and Natural Resources, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: Dr L. P. Kahn, fax +61 2 67733275, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The kinetics of allantoin metabolism were studied in rumen-cannulated sheep by means of a single intravenous injection of [4,5-14C]allantoin. The decline in the specific radioactivity of allantoin in plasma following the injection of tracer was best described by a double exponential function, indicating that allantoin moves in and out of two or more kinetically distinct compartments. Sequestering of tracer in secondary or tertiary compartments in the body water appears likely to have resulted in overestimation of net flux of allantoin through the blood in the present study. In future studies, sampling of blood for several days after administration of tracer should alleviate this problem. About 80 % of the [14C]allantoin injected was recovered as [14C]allantoin in urine during the 12 h after tracer injection, increasing to 94 % after 4 d. Allantoin-C also passed through the blood bicarbonate pool, suggesting that allantoin is degraded in the gastrointestinal tract. A small amount of allantoin-C (4 % of the net flux of allantoin through the blood pool) was apparently degraded to form bicarbonate-C in the rumen and postruminally, and subsequently appeared in blood bicarbonate-C. Transfer of allantoin-C into the rumen via saliva was insignificant. In view of these findings, the net flux of allantoin through the blood should be a better predictor of rumen microbial outflow than urinary allantoin excretion, because urinary excretion of purine derivatives must be adjusted for conversion of allantoin-C to blood bicarbonate when used to predict the flow of microbial protein from the rumen.

Keywords

AllantoinPurineMicrobial proteinHPLCSheep
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue 5 , November 2000 , pp. 629 - 634
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

References

Balcells, J, Guada, JA, Castrillo, C and Gasa, J (1991) Urinary excretion of allantoin and allantoin precursors by sheep after different rates of purine infusion into the duodenum. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 116, 309–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Balcells, J, Guada, JA, Peiro, JM and Parker, DS (1992) Simultaneous determination of allantoin and oxypurines in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 575, 153–157.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Balcells, J, Parker, DS and Seal, CJ (1992) Purine metabolite concentrations in portal and peripheral blood of steers, sheep and rats. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 101B, 633–636.Google Scholar
Belasco, IJ (1954) New nitrogen feed compounds for ruminants—a laboratory evaluation. Journal of Animal Science 13, 601–610.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berlin, RD and Hawkins, RA (1968) Secretion of purines by the small intestine: transport mechanism. American Journal of Physiology 215, 942–950.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, XB, Calder, AG, Prasitkusol, P, Kyle, DJ and Jayasuriya, MCN (1998) Determination of 15N isotopic enrichment and concentrations of allantoin and uric acid in urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 33, 130–137.3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, XB, Chen, YK, Franklin, MF, Ørskov, ER and Shand, WJ (1992) The effect of feed intake and body weight on purine derivative excretion and microbial protein supply in sheep. Journal of Animal Science 70, 1534–1542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, XB, Fujihara, T, Nakamura, K, Mawuenyegah, PO, Franklin, MF and Kyle, DJ (1997) Response of urinary and plasma purine derivatives to various rates and infusion patterns of purines in sheep nourished by intragastric infusion. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 129, 343–352.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, XB, Hovell, FDDeB and Ørskov, ER (1990 a) Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: recycling of allantoin into the rumen via saliva and its fate in the gut. British Journal of Nutrition 63, 197–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, XB, Hovell, FDDeB, Ørskov, ER and Brown, DS (1990 b) Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: effect of exogenous nucleic acid supply on purine derivative excretion by sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 63, 131–142.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chen, XB, Kyle, DJ, Ørskov, ER and Hovell, FD DeB (1991) Renal clearance of plasma allantoin in sheep. Experimental Physiology 76, 59–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Eckert, R, Randall, D and Augustine, G (1989) Animal Physiology Mechanisms and Adaptations, 3rd ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.Google Scholar
Fujihara, T, Ørskov, ER, Reeds, PJ and Kyle, DJ (1987) The effect of protein infusion on urinary excretion of purine derivatives in ruminants nourished by intragastric infusion. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 109, 7–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leng, RA and Leonard, GJ (1965) Measurement of the rates of production of acetic, propionic and butyric acids in the rumen of sheep. British Journal of Nutrition 19, 469–484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kay, RNB (1966) The influence of saliva on digestion in ruminants. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics 6, 292–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Noggle, JH (1992) Practical Curve Fitting and Data Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Inc.Google Scholar
Perez, JF, Balcells, J, Guada, JA and Castrillo, C (1996) Determination of rumen microbial-nitrogen production in sheep: A comparison of urinary purine excretion with methods using 15N and purine bases as markers of microbial-nitrogen entering the duodenum. British Journal of Nutrition 75, 699–709.Google ScholarPubMed
Shipley, RA and Clark, RE (1972) Tracer Methods for In Vivo Kinetics. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Stryer, L (1988) Biochemistry. 3rd ed. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.Google Scholar
Surra, J; Guada, JA; Balcells, J; Castrillo, C; (1993) Salivary losses of purine derivatives in sheep. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production Winter Meeting, PP. 175–176Penicuik, Midlothian: British Society of Animal Production.Google Scholar
Surra, J, Guada, JA, Balcells, J and Castrillo, C (1997) Renal and salivary clearance of purine derivatives in sheep. Animal Science 65, 83–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar