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Intake of high levels of vitamin A and polyunsaturated fatty acids during different developmental periods modifies the expression of morphogenesis genes in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Laure A. N. Villeneuve ,
Enric Gisbert ,
Jacques Moriceau ,
Chantal L. Cahu  and
José L. Zambonino Infante
Laure A. N. Villeneuve*
Affiliation:
UMR1067, Nutrition Aquaculture Génomique, IFREMER, 29 280 Plouzané, France
Enric Gisbert
Affiliation:
Centre d'Aqüicultura, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries (IRTA), Aptat. Correus 200, 43 540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, Spain
Jacques Moriceau
Affiliation:
UMR1067, Nutrition Aquaculture Génomique, IFREMER, 29 280 Plouzané, France
Chantal L. Cahu
Affiliation:
UMR1067, Nutrition Aquaculture Génomique, IFREMER, 29 280 Plouzané, France
José L. Zambonino Infante
Affiliation:
UMR1067, Nutrition Aquaculture Génomique, IFREMER, 29 280 Plouzané, France
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Laure A. N. Villeneuve, fax +33 298224366, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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The effect of the feeding period on larval development was investigated in European sea bass larvae by considering the expression level of some genes involved in morphogenesis. Larvae were fed a control diet except during three different periods (period A: from 8 to 13d post-hatching (dph); period B: from 13 to 18dph; period C: from 18 to 23dph) with two compound diets containing high levels of vitamin A or PUFA. European sea bass morphogenesis was affected by these two dietary nutrients during the early stages of development. The genes involved in morphogenesis could be modulated between 8 and 13dph, and our results indicated that retinoids and fatty acids influenced two different molecular pathways that in turn implicated two different gene cascades, resulting in two different kinds of malformation. Hypervitaminosis A delayed development, reducing the number of vertebral segments and disturbing bone formation in the cephalic region. These malformations were correlated to an upregulation of retinoic acid receptor γ, retinoid X receptor (RXR) α and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)4. An excess of PUFA accelerated the osteoblast differentiation process through the upregulation of RXRα and BMP4, leading to a supernumerary vertebra. These results suggest that the composition of diets devoted to marine fish larvae has a particularly determining effect before 13dph on the subsequent development of larvae and juvenile fish.

Keywords

Sea bass larvaePUFAVitamin AMorphogenesisRetinoid pathway
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 4 , April 2006 , pp. 677 - 687
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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