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The influence of high-carbohydrate meals with different glycaemic indices on substrate utilisation during subsequent exercise

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Ching-Lin Wu ,
Ceri Nicholas ,
Clyde Williams ,
Alison Took  and
Lucy Hardy
Ching-Lin Wu
Affiliation:
Sports and Exercise Nutrition Research Group, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
Ceri Nicholas
Affiliation:
Sports and Exercise Nutrition Research Group, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
Clyde Williams*
Affiliation:
Sports and Exercise Nutrition Research Group, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
Alison Took
Affiliation:
Sports and Exercise Nutrition Research Group, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
Lucy Hardy
Affiliation:
Sports and Exercise Nutrition Research Group, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicester, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Clyde Williams, fax +44 1509 226300, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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The present study was designed to examine the effects of mixed high-carbohydrate meals with different glycaemic indices (GI) on substrate utilization during subsequent exercise. Nine healthy male recreational runners (age 26·8 (sem 1·1) years, body mass 74·7 (sem 2·4) kg, V˙O2max 58·1 (sem 1·7) ml/kg per min) completed three trials: high-glycaemic-index meal (HGI), low-glycaemic-index meal (LGI) and fasting (FAST), separated by 7 d. The test meals contained 2 g carbohydrate/kg body mass, they were isoenergetic and the GI values were 77·4, 36·9 and 0·0 respectively. In each trial, subjects consumed the test meal 3 h before performing a 60 min run at 65 % V˙O2max on a motorized treadmill. Ingestion of the HGI and LGI resulted in hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia during the postprandial period compared with the FAST (P<0·05). The incremental area under the curve for plasma glucose was 2-fold higher for HGI compared with LGI (108·7 v. 48·9 mmol/l per min). In contrast, plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations were significantly lower following HGI and LGI compared with FAST (P<0·05). During the subsequent submaximal exercise, plasma glucose declined to below the fasting value in HGI compared with LGI and FAST (P<0·05). The estimated total fat oxidation was significantly higher for the LGI than the HGI during exercise (P<0·05). In summary, both pre-exercise carbohydrate meals resulted in lower rates of fat oxidation during subsequent exercise than when subjects performed exercise in the fasting state. However, the LGI resulted in a higher rate of fat oxidation during exercise than following the consumption of the HGI.

Keywords

GlucoseInsulinFat oxidationCarbohydrate oxidation
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 6 , December 2003 , pp. 1049 - 1056
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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