Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T15:33:11.623Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Influence of a mixed and a vegetarian diet on urinary magnesium excretion and concentration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Roswitha Siener  and
Albrecht Hesse
Roswitha Siener
Affiliation:
Experimentelle Urologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie der Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
Albrecht Hesse
Affiliation:
Experimentelle Urologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie der Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, D-53105 Bonn, Germany
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Urinary Mg is suggested to be an effective inhibitor of the formation and growth of calcium oxalate stones. In order to examine the influence of variations in dietary Mg on urinary Mg excretion, ten healthy male subjects were kept on two different standard diets for 5 d each. In the course of the test period, 24 h urine samples were collected. Diets 1 and 2 were calculated according to the dietary recommendations of the German Society of Nutrition (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, 1986). Diet 1 was established as a model of a balanced mixed diet, whereas diet 2 represented an ovo-lacto-vegetarian meal plan. Diets 1 and 2 were isoenergetic with equal amounts of the main nutrients, estimated from food tables, and a constant fluid intake. In contrast to the content of Mg (336 mg) and dietary fibre (28 g) of diet 1, diet 2 was rich in Mg (553 mg) and dietary fibre (52 g). On the ingestion of diet 1, renal Mg excretion was 5·09 (SEM 0·35) mmol on the control day and increased slightly but not significantly to 5·40 (SEM 0·52) mmol on the corresponding day on diet 2. Urinary Mg excretion as a percentage of estimated dietary intake was about double on the balanced mixed diet (37%) than on the Mg-rich vegetarian diet (24%). As both diets contained equal amounts of most nutrients, these results indicate a lower excretion rate of Mg from the vegetarian diet than from the mixed diet. This would appear to be primarily due to the higher Mg and fibre contents and to the lower Mg utilization, that are important factors in decreasing Mg absorption and consequently urinary excretion rate.

Keywords

Mixed dietVegetarian dietMagnesiumCalciumLithiasis
Type
Urinary magnesium excretion of defferent diets
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 73 , Issue 5 , May 1995 , pp. 783 - 790
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1995

References

Achilles, W. & Ulshofer, B. (1985).The effect of magnesium on the crystal growth rate of calcium oxalate in human urine. Magnesium-Bulletin 7, 114—116.Google Scholar
Berg, W., Bothor, C., Pirlich, W. & Janitzky, V. (1986). Influence of magnesium on the absorption and excretion of calcium and oxalate ions. European Urology 12, 274–282.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Briscoe, A. M. & Ragan, C. (1966). Effect of magnesium on calcium metabolism in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 19, 296–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brundig, P., Berg, W. & Schneider, H. J. (1981). The influence of magnesium chloride on blood and urine parameters in calcium oxalate stone patients. European Urology 7, 97–99.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Danielson, B. G., Johansson, G., Jung, B., Ljunghall, S., Lundqvist, H. & Malmborg, P. (1979). Gastrointestinal magnesium absorption. Kinetic studies with 28Mg and a simple method for determination of fractional absorption. Mineral and Electrolyte Metabolism 2, 116–123.Google Scholar
Desmars, J. F. & Tawashi, R. (1973). Dissolution and growth of calcium oxalate monohydrate. I. Effect of magnesium and pH. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 313, 256–267.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (1986). Empfehlungen für die Nährstoffzufuhr (Recommendations for Nutritional Intake). Frankfurt: Umschau-Verlag.Google Scholar
Elin, R. J. (1987). Assessment of magnesaium status. Clinical Chemistry 33, 1965–1970.Google Scholar
Elliot, J. S. & Ribeiro, M. E. (1971). Magnesium and calcium oxalate solubility. Investigative Urology 8, 386–390.Google Scholar
Fetner, C. D., Barilla, D. E., Townsend, J. & Pak, C. Y. C. (1978). Effects of magnesium oxide on the crystallization of calcium salts in urine in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis. Journal of Urology 120, 399–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Franz, K. B. (1989). Influence of phosphorus on intestinal absorption of calcium and magnesium. In Magnesium in Health and Disease, pp. 71–78 [Itokawa, Y. and Durlach, J., editors]. London: John Libbey & Co. Ltd.Google Scholar
Frølich, W. (1986). Bioavailability of minerals from cereals. In Handbook of Dietary Fiber in Human Nutrition, pp. 173–191 [Spiller, G. A., editor]. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc.Google Scholar
Graham, L. A., Caesar, J. J. & Burgen, A. S. V. (1960). Gastrointestinal absorption and excretion of Mg28 in man. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 9, 646–659.Google Scholar
Gregory, J. G., Park, K. Y. & Schoenberg, H. W. (1977). Oxalate stone disease after intestinal resection. Journal of Urology 117, 631–634.Google Scholar
Hallson, P. C., Rose, G. A. & Sulaiman, S. (1982). Magnesium reduces calcium oxalate crystal formation in human whole urine. Clinical Science 62, 17–19.Google Scholar
Hartmuth-Hoene, A. E. (1985). Die biologische Verf¨gbarkeit von Magnesium in Weizenkleie mit unter-schiedlichem Phytatgehalt. (The bioavailability of magnesium in wheat bran with different phytate content). Magnesium-Bulletin 7, 29–32.Google Scholar
Heaton, F. W. & Parsons, F. M. (1961). The metabolic effect of high magnesium intake. Clinical Science 21, 273–284.Google Scholar
Hodgkinson, A. (1977). Oxalic Acid in Biology and Medicine. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Jahnen, A., Scharrel, O. & Hesse, A. (1991). The availability of magnesium from various preparations. In Magnesium-a Relevant Ion, pp. 377–382 [Lassere, B. and Durlach, J., editors]. London: John Libbey & Co. Ltd.Google Scholar
Kelsay, J. L., Behall, K. M. & Prather, E. S. (1979). Effect of fiber from fruits and vegetables on metabolic responses of human subjects. II. Calcium, magnesium, iron, and silicon balances. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32, 1876–1880.Google Scholar
Kohri, K., Garside, J. & Blacklock, N. J. (1988). The role of magnesium in calcium oxalate urolithiasis. British Journal of Urology 61, 107–115.Google Scholar
Li, M. K., Blacklock, N. J. & Garside, J. (1985). Effects of magnesium on calcium oxalate crystallization. Journal of Urology 133, 123–125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McHale, M., Kies, C. & Fox, H. M. (1979). Calcium and magnesium nutritional status of adolescent humans fed cellulose or hemicellulose supplements. Journal of Food Science 44, 1412–1417.Google Scholar
Nordenvall, B., Backman, L., Larsson, L. & Tiselius, H. G. (1985). Treatment of hyperoxaluria in patients with jejunoileal bypass: effects of calcium, aluminium, magnesium and cholestyramine. In Urolithiasis and Related Clinical Research, pp. 585–588 [Schwille, P.O., Smith, L. H., Robertson, W. G. and Vahlensieck, W., editors]. New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Pak, C. Y. C., Nicar, M. J. & Kreijs, G. J. (1985). Intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, phosphate and oxalate: deviation from normal in idiopathic urolithiasis. In Urolithiasis and Related Clinical Research, pp. 127–133 [Schwille, P. O., Smith, L. H., Robertson, W. G. and Vahlensieck, W., editors]. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sachs, L. (1984). Angewandte Statistik (Applied Statistics). Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.Google Scholar
Seelig, M. S. (1981). Magnesium requirements in human nutrition. Magnesium-Bulletin 3, 26–47.Google Scholar
Slavin, J. L. & Marlett, J. A. (1980). Influence of refined cellulose on human bowel function and calcium and magnesium balance. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33, 1932–1939.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Souci, S. W., Fachmann, W. & Kraut, H. (1986). Food Composition and Nutrition Tables 1986/87. Garching: Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelchemie.Google Scholar
Tiselius, H. G., Ahlstrand, C. & Larsson, L. (1980). Urine composition in patients with urolithiasis during treatment with magnesium oxide. Urological Research 8, 197–200.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wacker, W. E. C. & Parisi, A. F. (1968). Magnesium metabolism. New England Journal of Medicine 278,658–663.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilkinson, R. (1976). Absorption of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. In Calcium, Phosphate and Magnesium Metabolism, pp. 35–115 [Nordin, B. E. C., editor]. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar