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The gastroprotective effect of the essential oil of Croton cajucara is different in normal rats than in malnourished rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

A. C. B. Paula ,
W. Toma ,
J. S. Gracioso ,
C. A. Hiruma-Lima ,
E. M. Carneiro  and
A. R. M. Souza Brito
A. C. B. Paula
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Universidade do Sagrado Coraçã (USC), Bauru, SP, Brazil
W. Toma
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
J. S. Gracioso
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
C. A. Hiruma-Lima
Affiliation:
Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-graduação, Universidade do Sagrado Coraçã (USC), Bauru, SP, Brazil
E. M. Carneiro
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
A. R. M. Souza Brito*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Dr A. R. M. Souza Brito, fax +55 19 3788 6185, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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It has been shown previously that malnourished rats are resistant to acute gastric lesions but not to subchronic gastric ulceration. It also has been demonstrated that the essential oil obtained from the bark of Croton cajucara (Sacaca) has antiulcer properties. In the present study, the ability of this essential oil to prevent the formation of gastric ulcers in rats fed a diet with 17% protein (normoproteic rats) or 6% protein (malnourished rats) was investigated. At a dose of 100mg/kg body weight, orally, the essential oil significantly reduced the gastric injury caused by indomethacin (25% after 2h and 70% after 4h) only in normoproteic rats. In the pylorus ligature model, the essential oil increased the pH and gastric volume, but decreased the total acid concentration in both groups when compared to the respective control group. The essential oil significantly increased prostaglandin E2 production in glandular cells by 50% compared to the controls in both groups of rats. In addition, the amount of gastric mucus was two-fold higher in malnourished rats than in normoproteic rats. The present results show that the enhanced protective effect of essential oil in malnourished rats involved an increase in prostaglandin E2 production and mucus secretion, which are both factors that protect the gastric mucosa against damage. In agreement with this, malnourished rats always had a lower number of acute gastric ulcers.

Keywords

Antiulcerogenic activityCroton cajucaraCytoprotectionEssential oil malnourished rats
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 96 , Issue 2 , August 2006 , pp. 310 - 315
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

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