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Fatty acid composition of an oral load affects chylomicron size in human subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 September 2009

Sana W. Sakr ,
N. Attia ,
M. Haourigui ,
J. L. Paul ,
T. Soni ,
D. Vacher  and
A. Girard-Globa
Sana W. Sakr
Affiliation:
Groupe Lipoprotéines, Faculté de Médecine X. Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
N. Attia
Affiliation:
Groupe Lipoprotéines, Faculté de Médecine X. Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
M. Haourigui
Affiliation:
INSERM U224, Faculté de Médecine X. Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
J. L. Paul
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences Pharmacologiques, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
T. Soni
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Broussais, 75014 Paris, France
D. Vacher
Affiliation:
Groupe Lipoprotéines, Faculté de Médecine X. Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
A. Girard-Globa
Affiliation:
Groupe Lipoprotéines, Faculté de Médecine X. Bichat, BP416, 75870 Paris Cedex 18, France
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Abstract

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HDL-phospholipids are determinants in reverse cholesterol transport. They are mostly derived from triacylglycerol (TG)-rich lipoproteins. Chylomicron size is important, therefore, because it is related to the ratio surface phospholipids: core TG and, thus, determines the availability of postprandial phospholipids for transfer to HDL. Eleven healthy young women each ingested four different fat loads supplemented with retinyl palmitate and containing 60 g sunflower oil (SO), oleic–sunflower oil (OSO), mixed oil (MO; (g/kg) linoleic acid 480, oleic acid 380, linolenic acid 13) or beef tallow (BT). At the peak of TG absorption for all loads (4 h) chylomicron diameters, determined by agarose-gel filtration, were larger after SO compared with OSO (P < 0·05) and BT (P = 0·06) and after MO compared with BT (P < 0·05). At 6 h chylomicron size was larger after the vegetable oils compared with BT (P < 0·05 in each case). After each fat load chylomicron size decreased at 6 and 8 h compared with that at 4 h (P < 0·05) except for OSO. Retinyl ester and TG concentrations were lower in chylomicrons after BT than after the other fats but not in the chylomicron-free serum (containing chylomicron remnants), suggesting absorption in the form of very small particles. Compared with the fasting value, the concentration of the Svedberg unit of flotation 20–400 fraction, which contains VLDL and chylomicron remnants, was lower 8 h after MO, the only fat to contain significant amounts of linolenic acid. We conclude that chylomicron size is dependent on the fatty acid composition of ingested fats and the time-course of digestion, being larger for polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich fats and in the early phase of digestion. On the basis of retinyl ester concentration there were no differences between fats in chylomicron-remnant clearance.

Keywords

Fat saturationPost-prandial lipaemiaRetinyl esters
Type
Human and Clinical Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , January 1997 , pp. 19 - 31
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

References

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