Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T12:27:22.407Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Effects of oat-bran concentrate on rat serum lipids and liver fat infiltration

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2007

Y. Mälkki
Affiliation:
Technical Research Centre of Finland, Food Research Laboratory, PO Box 203, FIN-02151, Espoo, Finland
R. Törrönen
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
K. Pelkonen
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
O. Myllymäki
Affiliation:
Technical Research Centre of Finland, Food Research Laboratory, PO Box 203, FIN-02151, Espoo, Finland
O. Hänninen
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
K. Syrjänen
Affiliation:
Department of Pathology, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Oat bran concentrated with respect to both soluble and insoluble dietary fibre was fed to adult rats, and its effects on serum cholesterol and liver fat infiltration were studied. The feeds contained 15, 30 or 45 g β-glucan/kg, except in control groups where the fibre of the feed was cellulose. Half the experimental groups received the feeds with an addition of 10 g cholesterol and 2 g cholic acid/kg in order to create an hypercholesterolaemic condition. In normocholesterolaemic rats the concentrated oat bran did not cause any significant changes in serum cholesterol concentrations, but reduced liver weight compared with control group rats fed on the cellulose-containing diet. In hypercholesterolaemic rats the concentrated oat bran reduced serum total cholesterol and increased high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. The effect was seen already at the 15 g/kg concentration of β-glucan, the higher doses tested did not significantly improve the effect. Infiltration of fat into liver cells, especially in the periportal areas, was observed only in hypercholesterolaemic animals. The fat infiltration was accentuated in proportion to the amount of oat-bran concentrate fed.

Type
Complex Carbohydrates and Lipid Metabolism
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

REFERENCES

American Institute of Nutrition (1977). Report of the American Institute of Nutrition ad hoc committee on standards for nutritional studies. Journal of Nutrition 107, 13401348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Autio, K., Mälkki, Y., Virtanen, T. (1992). Effects of processing on the microstructure of oat (Avena sativa) bran concentrate and the physicochemical properties of isolated β-glucans. Food Structure 11, 4754.Google Scholar
Carrol, R. M. & Feldman, E. B. (1989). Lipids and lipoproteins. In The Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals, pp. 95116 [Loeb, W. F. and Quimby, F. W., editors]. Oxford: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
The Committee on Enzymes, The Scandinavian Society for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Physiology (1974). Recommended methods for the determination of four enzymes in blood. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical Laboratory Investigations 33, 291306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Craig, J. R. (1990). Liver. In Anderson's Pathology, 9th ed., pp. 11991320 [Kissane, J. M., editor]. St Louis, MO: The C. V. Mosby Co.Google Scholar
Illman, R. J. & Topping, D. L. (1985). Effects of dietary oat bran on faecal steroid excretion, plasma volatile fatty acids and lipid synthesis in rats. Nutrition Research 5, 839846.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lopez-Guisa, J. M., Harned, M. C., Dubelzieg, R., Rao, S. C. & Marlett, J. A. (1988). Processed oat hulls as potential dietary fiber sources in rats. Journal of Nutrition 118, 953962.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McCleary, B. & Glennie-Holmes, M. (1985). Enzymic quantification of (1→3)(1→4)-β-D-glucan in barley and malt. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 91, 285295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malkki, Y., Autio, K., Hänninen, O., Myllymäki, O., Pelkonen, K., Suortti, T. & Torronen, R. (1992). Oat bran concentrates: physical properties of β-glucan and hypocholesterolemic effects in rats. Cereal Chemistry 69, 647653.Google Scholar
Mongeau, R., Brassard, R., Malcom, S. & Shah, B. G. (1991). Effect of dietary cereal brans on body weight and blood lipids in a long-term rat experiment. Cereal Chemistry 68, 448453.Google Scholar
National Research Council (1987). Nutrient requirements of laboratory animals. In Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals, p. 23. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar
Newman, R. K., Klopfenstein, C. F., Newman, C. W., Guritno, N. & Hofer, P. J. (1992). Comparison of the cholesterol-lowering properties of whole barley, oat bran, and wheat red dog in chicks and rats. Cereal Chemistry 69, 240244.Google Scholar
Ney, D. M., Lasekan, J. B. & Shinnick, F. L. (1988). Soluble oat fiber tends to normalize lipoprotein composition in cholesterol-fed rats. Journal of Nutrition 118, 14551462.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paton, D. (1991). Processes for the preparation of β-glucan enriched oat bran. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Oat β-Glucans and Cardiovascular Disease. Minneapolis, MN: American Oat Association.Google Scholar
Ranhotra, G. S., Gelroth, J. A., Astroth, K. & Rao, C. S. (1990). Relative lipidemic responses in rats fed oat bran or oat bran concentrate. Cereal Chemistry 67, 509511.Google Scholar
Schmidt, E., Schmidt, F. W., Both, R., Ohlendorf, S., Raupach, R. & Staar, U. (1983). Enzyme pattern in liver and serum of rats during growing and aging. In Progress in Clinical Enzymology, vol. 2, pp. 4352 [Goldberg, D. and Werner, M., editors]. New York: Masson.Google Scholar
Shinnick, F. L., Ink, S. L. & Marlett, J. A. (1990). Dose response to a dietary oat bran fraction in cholesterol-fed rats. Journal of Nutrition 120, 561568.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shinnick, F. L., Longacre, M. J., Ink, S. L. & Marlett, J. A. (1988). Oat fiber: composition versus physiological function in rats. Journal of Nutrition 118, 144151.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed