Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T00:28:31.689Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The effects of inulin supplementation of diets with or without hydrolysed protein sources on digestibility, faecal characteristics, haematology and immunoglobulins in dogs

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

A. Verlinden ,
M. Hesta ,
J. M. Hermans  and
G. P. J. Janssens
A. Verlinden
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
M. Hesta
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
J. M. Hermans
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
G. P. J. Janssens*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Geert Janssens, fax +32 92647848, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Dogs with food allergy are often treated by giving a diet with hydrolysed protein sources. Prebiotics might also be successful in prevention and treatment of allergic disease through their effect on the colonic microflora, analogous to studies on probiotics in allergic children. The present study was set up to investigate the effect of supplementing inulin (IN) to commercial hypoallergenic dog diets on apparent nutrient digestibility, faecal characteristics, haematology and Ig in dogs. Supplementation of 3 % IN did not affect faecal pH, food and water intake and urine production. Compared with the intact protein diet with a limited number of ingredients (L), the diet with a hydrolysed protein source (H) resulted in an increased water intake (P<0·001), which could be due to the osmotic effect of free amino acids. Faeces production was increased by IN due to increased faecal moisture content. Increased faeces production on the H diet was mainly due to a higher DM excretion. Subsequently, the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of DM was lower in the H diet group. A similar result was noted for ADC of diethyl ether extract and crude ash. The ADC of crude protein was higher in the H diet group, whereas IN decreased the ADC of crude protein. Differences in the ADC of crude protein among the different diets disappeared after correction for a higher faecal biomass, except for the dogs fed the L + IN diet. Total faecal IgA concentrations were lower in the H group (P<0·05) because of lower antigenic stimulation of hydrolysed protein, which implies that hydrolysed protein is really hypoallergenic. The present study indicates that the use of hydrolysed protein diets for canine food allergy treatment can affect digestibility and that combination with IN affected apparent protein digestibility but not IgA response.

Keywords

DigestibilityDogsFood allergyHydrolysed proteinPrebiotics
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 96 , Issue 5 , November 2006 , pp. 936 - 944
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

References

Bednar, GE, Avinash, RP, Murray, SM, Grieshop, CM, Merchen, NR & Fahey, GC Jr (2001) Starch and fiber fractions in selected food and feed ingredients affect their small intestinal digestibility and fermentability and their large bowel fermentability in vitro in a canine model. J Nutr 131, 276–286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beynen, AC, Baas, JC, Hoekemeijer, PE, Kappert, HJ, Bakker, MH, Koopman, JP & Lemmens, AG (2002) Faecal bacterial profile, nitrogen excretion and mineral absorption in healthy dogs fed supplemental oligofructose. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 86, 298–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boumans, H (2001) Physiochemical and functional properties of protein hydrolysates in nutritional products. In Hill's European Symposium on Adverse Food Reactions, Symposium Proceedings, Madrid 2001, pp. 30–33. Watford, UK: Hill's Europe Publication.Google Scholar
Boza, JJ, Martinez-Augustin, O, Baró, L, Suarez, MD & Gil, A (1995) Protein v. enzymic protein hydrolysates. Nitrogen utilization in starved rats. Br J Nutr 73, 65–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collin-Vidal, C, Cayol, M, Obled, C, Ziegler, F, Bommelaer, G & Beaufrere, B (1994) Leucine kinetics are different during feeding with whole protein or oligopeptides. Am J Physiol 267, E907–E914.Google ScholarPubMed
Diez, M, Hornick, JL, Baldwin, P, van Eenaeme, C & Istasse, L (1998) The influence of sugar-beet fibre, guar gum and inulin on nutrient digestibility, water consumption and plasma metabolites in healthy beagle dogs. Res Vet Sci 64, 91–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferguson, A, Humphreys, KA & Croft, NM (1995) Technical report: results of immunological tests on faecal extracts are likely to be extremely misleading. Clin Exp Immunol 99, 70–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Field, CJ, McBurney, MI, Massimino, S, Hayek, MG & Sunvold, GD (1999) The fermentable fibre content of the diet alters the function and composition of canine gut associated lymphoid tissue. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 72, 325–341.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flickinger, EA & Fahey, GC Jr (2002) Pet food and feed applications of inulin, oligofructose and other oligosaccharides. Br J Nutr 87, 2, S297–S300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flickinger, EA, Schreijen, EMWC, Patil, AR, Hussein, HS, Grieshop, CM, Merchen, NR & Fahey, GC Jr (2003) Nutrient digestibilities, microbial populations, and protein catabolites as affected by fructan supplementation of dog diets. J Anim Sci 81, 2008–2018.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flickinger, EAVan Loo, J & Fahey, GC Jr (2003 b) Nutritional responses to the presence of inulin and oligofructose in the diets of domesticated animals: a review. Crit RevFood Sci Nutr 43, 19–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
German, AJ, Hall, EJ & Day, MJ (1998) Measurement of IgG. IgM and IgA concentrations in canine serum, saliva, tears and bile. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 76, 25–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, GR & Roberfroid, MB (1995) Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr 125, 1401–1412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grieshop, CM, Flickinger, EA, Bruce, KJ, Patil, AR, Czarnecki-Maulden, GL & Fahey, GC Jr (2004) Gastrointestinal and immunological responses of senior dogs to chicory and mannan-oligosaccharides. Arch Anim Nutr 58, 483–493.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grieshop, CM, Flickinger, EA & Fahey, GC Jr (2002) Oral administration of arabinogalactan affects immune status and fecal microbial populations in dogs. J Nutr 132, 478–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hampson, DJ (1986) Attempts to modify changes in the piglet small intestine after weaning. Res Vet Sci 40, 313–317.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hernell, O & Lönnerdal, B (2003) Nutritional evaluation of protein hydrolysate formulas in healthy term infants: plasma amino acids, hematology, and trace elements. Am J Clin Nutr 78, 289–301.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hesta, M, Janssens, G, Debraekeleer, J & De Wilde, R (2001) The effect of oligofructose and inulin on faecal characteristics and nutrient digestibility in healthy cats. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 85, 135–141.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hesta, M, Roosen, W, Janssens, GPJ, Millet, S & De Wilde, R (2003) Prebiotics affect nutrient digestibility but not faecal ammonia in dogs fed increased protein levels. Br J Nutr 90, 1007–1014.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hosono, A, Ozawa, A, Kato, R, Ohnishi, Y, Nakanishi, Y, Kimura, T & Nakamura, R (2003) Dietary fructooligosaccharides induce immunoregulation of intestinal IgA secretion by murine Peyer's patch cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 67, 758–764.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Isolauri, E (2001) Probiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic disease. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 12, 14, 56–59.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jeffers, JG, Shanley, KJ & Meyer, EK (1991) Diagnostic testing of dogs for food hypersensitivity. JAVMA 198, 245–250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kudoh, K, Shimizu, J, Ishiyama, A, Wada, M, Takita, T, Kanke, Y & Innami, S (1999) Secretion and excretion of immunoglobulin A to cecum and feces differ with type of indigestible saccharides. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 45, 173–181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loeffler, A, Lloyd, DH, Bond, R, Kim, JY & Pfeiffer, D (2004) Dietary trials with commercial chicken hydrolysate diet in sixty-three pruritic dogs. Vet Rec 154, 519–522.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCracken, BA, Zijlstra, RT, Donovan, SM, Odle, J, Lien, EL & Gaskins, HR (1998) Neither intact nor hydrolysed soy proteins elicit intestinal inflammation in neonatal piglets. JPEN-Parenter Enter 22, 91–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKay, DM & Perdue, MH (1993) Intestinal epithelial function: the case for immunophysiological regulation. Dig Dis Sci 38, 1377–1387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahmoud, MI (1994) Physicochemical and functional properties of protein hydrolysates in nutritional products. Food Technol 48, 89–95.Google Scholar
Mason, VC (1969) Some observations on the distribution and origin of nitrogen in sheep faeces. J Agr Sci 73, 99–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mihatsch, WA, Franz, AR, Kuhnt, B, Hogel, J & Pohlandt, F (2005) Hydrolysis of casein accelerates gastrointestinal transit via reduction of opioid receptor agonists released from casein in rats. Biol Neonate 87, 160–163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mihatsch, WA, Högel, J & Pohlandt, F (2001) Hydrolysed protein accelerates the gastrointestinal transport of formula in preterm infants. Acta Paediatr 90, 196–198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Monchi, M & Rerat, AA (1993) Comparison of net protein utilization of milk protein mild enzymatic hydrolysates and free amino acid mixtures with a close pattern in the rat. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 17, 355–363.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moriarty, KJ, Hegarty, JE, Fairclough, PD, Kelly, MJ, Clark, ML & Dawson, AM (1985) Relative nutritional value of whole protein, hydrolysed protein and free amino acids in man. Gut 26, 694–699.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moro, GE, Stahl, B, Fanaro, S, Jelinek, J, Boehm, G & Coppa, GV (2005) Dietary prebiotic oligosaccharides are detectable in the faeces of formula-fed infants. Acta Paediatr 94, 27–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Niness, KR (1999) Inulin and oligofructose: what are they?. J Nutr 129, 1402S–1406S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Poullain, MG, Cezard, JP, Roger, L & Mendy, F (1989) Effect of whey proteins, their oligopeptide hydrolysates and free amino acid mixtures on growth and nitrogen retention in fed and starved rats. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 13, 382–386.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Propst, EL, Flickinger, EA, Bauer, LL, Merchen, NR & Fahey, GC Jr (2003) A dose-response experiment evaluating the effects of oligofructose and inulin digestibility, stool quality, and fecal protein catabolites in healthy adult dogs. J Anim Sci 81, 3057–3066.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rerat, A, Simoes-Nunes, C, Mendy, F, Vaissade, P & Vaugelade, P (1992) Splanchnic fluxes of amino acids after duodenal infusion of carbohydrate solutions containing free amino acids or oligopeptides in the non-anaesthetized pig. Br J Nutr 68, 111–138.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rigo, J & Senterre, J (1994) Metabolic balance studies and plasma amino acid concentrations in preterm infants fed experimental protein hydrolysate preterm formulas. Acta Paediatr 405, 98–104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roller, M, Rechkemmer, G & Watzl, B (2004) Prebiotic unulin enriched with oligofructose in combination with the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium lactis modulates intestinal immune functions in rats. J Nutr 134, 153–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roudebush, P & Cowell, CS (1992) Results of a hypoallergenic diet survey of veterinarians in North America with a nutritional evaluation of homemade diet prescriptions. Vet Dermatol 3, 23–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roudebush, P & Schick, RO (1994) Evaluation of a commercial canned lamb and rice diet for the management of adverse reactions to food in dogs. Vet Dermatol 5, 63–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Russell, MW, Reinholdt, J & Killian, M (1989) Anti-inflammatory activity of human IgA antibodies and their Fab α fragments:inhibition of IgG-mediated component activation. Eur J Immunol 19, 2243–2249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saarinen, KM, Sarnesto, A & Savilahti, E (2002) Markers of inflammation in the feces of infants with cow's milk allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 13, 188–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sampson, HA (1991) Immunologic mechanisms in adverse reactions to foods. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 11, 701–716.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schley, PD & Field, CJ (2002) The immune-enhancing effects of dietary fibres and prebiotics. Br J Nutr 87, 2S221–S230.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schneeman, B (1987) Dietary fiber and gastrointestinal function. Nutr Rev 45, 129–132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swanson, KS, Grieshop, CM, Flickinger, A, Bauer, LL, Chow, J, Wolf, BW, Garleb, KA & Fahey, GC (2002 a) Fructooligosachharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus modify gut microbial populations, total tract nutrient digestibilities and fecal protein catabolite concentrations in healthy adult dogs. J Nutr 132, 3721–3731.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swanson, KS, Grieshop, CM, Flickinger, A, Bauer, LL, Healy, HP, Dawson, KA, Merchen, NR & Fahey, GC Jr (2002 b) Supplemental fructooligosaccharides and mannanoligosaccharides influence immune function, ileal and total tract nutrient digestibilities, microbial populations and concentrations of protein catabolites in the large bowel of dogs. J Nutr 132, 980–989.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Swanson, KS, Grieshop, CM, Flickinger, A, Merchen, NR & Fahey, GC Jr (2002 c) Effects of supplemental fructooligosaccharides and mannanoligosaccharides on colonic microbial populations, immune function and fecal odor components in the canine. J Nutr 132, 1717S–1719S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Loo, J (2004) The specificity of the interaction with intestinal bacterial fermentation by prebiotics determines their physiological efficacy. Nutr Res Rev 17, 89–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Veereman-Wauters, G (2005) Applications of prebiotics in infant foods. Br J Nutr 93, 1, S57–S60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vente-Spreeuwenberg, MAM, Verdonk, JMAJ, Koninkx, JFJG, Beynen, AC & Verstegen, MWA (2004) Dietary protein hydrolysates vs. the intact proteins do not enhance mucosal integrity and growth performance in weaned piglets. Livestock Prod Sci 85, 151–164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Viljanen, M, Kuitunen, M, Haahtela, T, Juntunen-Backman, K, Korpela, R & Savilahti, E (2005) Probiotic effects on faecal inflammatory markers and on faecal IgA in food allergic atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome infants. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 16, 65–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Xu-Amano, J, Kiyono, H, Jackson, RJ, Staats, HF, Fujihashi, K, Burrows, PD, Elson, CO, Pillai, S & McGhee, JR (1993) Helper T cell subsets for immunoglobulin A responses: oral immunization with tetanus toxoid and cholera toxin as adjuvant selectively induces Th2 cells in mucosa associated tissues. J Exp Med 178, 1309–1320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yen, JT, Kerr, BJ, Easter, RA & Parkhurst, AM (2004) Difference in rates of net portal absorption between crystalline and protein-bound lysine and threonine in growing pigs fed once daily. J Anim Sci 82, 1079–1090.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yoshida, T, Hachimura, S, Ishimori, M, Kinugasa, F, Ise, W, Totsuka, M, Ametani, A & Kaminogawa, S (2002) Antigen presentation by Peyer's patch cells can induce both Th1- and Th2-type responses depending on antigen dosage, but a different cytokine response pattern from that of spleen cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 66, 963–969.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ziegler, F, Ollivier, JM, Cynober, L, Masini, JP, Coudray-Lucas, C, Levy, E & Giboudeau, J (1990) Efficiency of enteral nitrogen support in surgical patients: small peptides v. non-degraded proteins. Gut 31, 1277–1283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed